Here is a summary of all the options specific to GNU Fortran, grouped by type. Explanations are in the following sections.
-fversion -fset-g77-defaults -fno-silent
-ff66 -fno-f66 -ff77 -fno-f77 -fno-ugly
-ffree-form -fno-fixed-form -ff90
-fvxt -fdollar-ok -fno-backslash
-fno-ugly-args -fno-ugly-assign -fno-ugly-assumed
-fugly-comma -fugly-complex -fugly-init -fugly-logint
-fonetrip -ftypeless-boz
-fintrin-case-initcap -fintrin-case-upper
-fintrin-case-lower -fintrin-case-any
-fmatch-case-initcap -fmatch-case-upper
-fmatch-case-lower -fmatch-case-any
-fsource-case-upper -fsource-case-lower
-fsource-case-preserve
-fsymbol-case-initcap -fsymbol-case-upper
-fsymbol-case-lower -fsymbol-case-any
-fcase-strict-upper -fcase-strict-lower
-fcase-initcap -fcase-upper -fcase-lower -fcase-preserve
-ff2c-intrinsics-delete -ff2c-intrinsics-hide
-ff2c-intrinsics-disable -ff2c-intrinsics-enable
-fbadu77-intrinsics-delete -fbadu77-intrinsics-hide
-fbadu77-intrinsics-disable -fbadu77-intrinsics-enable
-ff90-intrinsics-delete -ff90-intrinsics-hide
-ff90-intrinsics-disable -ff90-intrinsics-enable
-fgnu-intrinsics-delete -fgnu-intrinsics-hide
-fgnu-intrinsics-disable -fgnu-intrinsics-enable
-fmil-intrinsics-delete -fmil-intrinsics-hide
-fmil-intrinsics-disable -fmil-intrinsics-enable
-funix-intrinsics-delete -funix-intrinsics-hide
-funix-intrinsics-disable -funix-intrinsics-enable
-fvxt-intrinsics-delete -fvxt-intrinsics-hide
-fvxt-intrinsics-disable -fvxt-intrinsics-enable
-ffixed-line-length-n -ffixed-line-length-none
-fsyntax-only -pedantic -pedantic-errors -fpedantic
-w -Wno-globals -Wimplicit -Wunused -Wuninitialized
-Wall -Wsurprising
-Werror -W
-g
-malign-double
-ffloat-store -fforce-mem -fforce-addr -fno-inline
-ffast-math -fstrength-reduce -frerun-cse-after-loop
-funsafe-math-optimizations -fno-trapping-math
-fexpensive-optimizations -fdelayed-branch
-fschedule-insns -fschedule-insn2 -fcaller-saves
-funroll-loops -funroll-all-loops
-fno-move-all-movables -fno-reduce-all-givs
-fno-rerun-loop-opt
-Idir -I-
-fno-automatic -finit-local-zero -fno-f2c
-ff2c-library -fno-underscoring -fno-ident
-fpcc-struct-return -freg-struct-return
-fshort-double -fno-common -fpack-struct
-fzeros -fno-second-underscore
-femulate-complex
-falias-check -fargument-alias
-fargument-noalias -fno-argument-noalias-global
-fno-globals -fflatten-arrays
-fbounds-check -ffortran-bounds-check