libstdc++
bitset
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1 // <bitset> -*- C++ -*-
2 
3 // Copyright (C) 2001-2019 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
4 //
5 // This file is part of the GNU ISO C++ Library. This library is free
6 // software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
7 // terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
8 // Free Software Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option)
9 // any later version.
10 
11 // This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
12 // but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
13 // MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
14 // GNU General Public License for more details.
15 
16 // Under Section 7 of GPL version 3, you are granted additional
17 // permissions described in the GCC Runtime Library Exception, version
18 // 3.1, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
19 
20 // You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License and
21 // a copy of the GCC Runtime Library Exception along with this program;
22 // see the files COPYING3 and COPYING.RUNTIME respectively. If not, see
23 // <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
24 
25 /*
26  * Copyright (c) 1998
27  * Silicon Graphics Computer Systems, Inc.
28  *
29  * Permission to use, copy, modify, distribute and sell this software
30  * and its documentation for any purpose is hereby granted without fee,
31  * provided that the above copyright notice appear in all copies and
32  * that both that copyright notice and this permission notice appear
33  * in supporting documentation. Silicon Graphics makes no
34  * representations about the suitability of this software for any
35  * purpose. It is provided "as is" without express or implied warranty.
36  */
37 
38 /** @file include/bitset
39  * This is a Standard C++ Library header.
40  */
41 
42 #ifndef _GLIBCXX_BITSET
43 #define _GLIBCXX_BITSET 1
44 
45 #pragma GCC system_header
46 
47 #include <string>
48 #include <bits/functexcept.h> // For invalid_argument, out_of_range,
49  // overflow_error
50 #include <iosfwd>
51 #include <bits/cxxabi_forced.h>
52 
53 #if __cplusplus >= 201103L
54 # include <bits/functional_hash.h>
55 #endif
56 
57 #define _GLIBCXX_BITSET_BITS_PER_WORD (__CHAR_BIT__ * __SIZEOF_LONG__)
58 #define _GLIBCXX_BITSET_WORDS(__n) \
59  ((__n) / _GLIBCXX_BITSET_BITS_PER_WORD + \
60  ((__n) % _GLIBCXX_BITSET_BITS_PER_WORD == 0 ? 0 : 1))
61 
62 #define _GLIBCXX_BITSET_BITS_PER_ULL (__CHAR_BIT__ * __SIZEOF_LONG_LONG__)
63 
64 namespace std _GLIBCXX_VISIBILITY(default)
65 {
66 _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_CONTAINER
67 
68  /**
69  * Base class, general case. It is a class invariant that _Nw will be
70  * nonnegative.
71  *
72  * See documentation for bitset.
73  */
74  template<size_t _Nw>
75  struct _Base_bitset
76  {
77  typedef unsigned long _WordT;
78 
79  /// 0 is the least significant word.
80  _WordT _M_w[_Nw];
81 
82  _GLIBCXX_CONSTEXPR _Base_bitset() _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
83  : _M_w() { }
84 
85 #if __cplusplus >= 201103L
86  constexpr _Base_bitset(unsigned long long __val) noexcept
87  : _M_w{ _WordT(__val)
88 #if __SIZEOF_LONG_LONG__ > __SIZEOF_LONG__
89  , _WordT(__val >> _GLIBCXX_BITSET_BITS_PER_WORD)
90 #endif
91  } { }
92 #else
93  _Base_bitset(unsigned long __val)
94  : _M_w()
95  { _M_w[0] = __val; }
96 #endif
97 
98  static _GLIBCXX_CONSTEXPR size_t
99  _S_whichword(size_t __pos) _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
100  { return __pos / _GLIBCXX_BITSET_BITS_PER_WORD; }
101 
102  static _GLIBCXX_CONSTEXPR size_t
103  _S_whichbyte(size_t __pos) _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
104  { return (__pos % _GLIBCXX_BITSET_BITS_PER_WORD) / __CHAR_BIT__; }
105 
106  static _GLIBCXX_CONSTEXPR size_t
107  _S_whichbit(size_t __pos) _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
108  { return __pos % _GLIBCXX_BITSET_BITS_PER_WORD; }
109 
110  static _GLIBCXX_CONSTEXPR _WordT
111  _S_maskbit(size_t __pos) _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
112  { return (static_cast<_WordT>(1)) << _S_whichbit(__pos); }
113 
114  _WordT&
115  _M_getword(size_t __pos) _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
116  { return _M_w[_S_whichword(__pos)]; }
117 
118  _GLIBCXX_CONSTEXPR _WordT
119  _M_getword(size_t __pos) const _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
120  { return _M_w[_S_whichword(__pos)]; }
121 
122 #if __cplusplus >= 201103L
123  const _WordT*
124  _M_getdata() const noexcept
125  { return _M_w; }
126 #endif
127 
128  _WordT&
129  _M_hiword() _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
130  { return _M_w[_Nw - 1]; }
131 
132  _GLIBCXX_CONSTEXPR _WordT
133  _M_hiword() const _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
134  { return _M_w[_Nw - 1]; }
135 
136  void
137  _M_do_and(const _Base_bitset<_Nw>& __x) _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
138  {
139  for (size_t __i = 0; __i < _Nw; __i++)
140  _M_w[__i] &= __x._M_w[__i];
141  }
142 
143  void
144  _M_do_or(const _Base_bitset<_Nw>& __x) _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
145  {
146  for (size_t __i = 0; __i < _Nw; __i++)
147  _M_w[__i] |= __x._M_w[__i];
148  }
149 
150  void
151  _M_do_xor(const _Base_bitset<_Nw>& __x) _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
152  {
153  for (size_t __i = 0; __i < _Nw; __i++)
154  _M_w[__i] ^= __x._M_w[__i];
155  }
156 
157  void
158  _M_do_left_shift(size_t __shift) _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT;
159 
160  void
161  _M_do_right_shift(size_t __shift) _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT;
162 
163  void
164  _M_do_flip() _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
165  {
166  for (size_t __i = 0; __i < _Nw; __i++)
167  _M_w[__i] = ~_M_w[__i];
168  }
169 
170  void
171  _M_do_set() _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
172  {
173  for (size_t __i = 0; __i < _Nw; __i++)
174  _M_w[__i] = ~static_cast<_WordT>(0);
175  }
176 
177  void
178  _M_do_reset() _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
179  { __builtin_memset(_M_w, 0, _Nw * sizeof(_WordT)); }
180 
181  bool
182  _M_is_equal(const _Base_bitset<_Nw>& __x) const _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
183  {
184  for (size_t __i = 0; __i < _Nw; ++__i)
185  if (_M_w[__i] != __x._M_w[__i])
186  return false;
187  return true;
188  }
189 
190  template<size_t _Nb>
191  bool
192  _M_are_all() const _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
193  {
194  for (size_t __i = 0; __i < _Nw - 1; __i++)
195  if (_M_w[__i] != ~static_cast<_WordT>(0))
196  return false;
197  return _M_hiword() == (~static_cast<_WordT>(0)
198  >> (_Nw * _GLIBCXX_BITSET_BITS_PER_WORD
199  - _Nb));
200  }
201 
202  bool
203  _M_is_any() const _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
204  {
205  for (size_t __i = 0; __i < _Nw; __i++)
206  if (_M_w[__i] != static_cast<_WordT>(0))
207  return true;
208  return false;
209  }
210 
211  size_t
212  _M_do_count() const _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
213  {
214  size_t __result = 0;
215  for (size_t __i = 0; __i < _Nw; __i++)
216  __result += __builtin_popcountl(_M_w[__i]);
217  return __result;
218  }
219 
220  unsigned long
221  _M_do_to_ulong() const;
222 
223 #if __cplusplus >= 201103L
224  unsigned long long
225  _M_do_to_ullong() const;
226 #endif
227 
228  // find first "on" bit
229  size_t
230  _M_do_find_first(size_t) const _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT;
231 
232  // find the next "on" bit that follows "prev"
233  size_t
234  _M_do_find_next(size_t, size_t) const _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT;
235  };
236 
237  // Definitions of non-inline functions from _Base_bitset.
238  template<size_t _Nw>
239  void
240  _Base_bitset<_Nw>::_M_do_left_shift(size_t __shift) _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
241  {
242  if (__builtin_expect(__shift != 0, 1))
243  {
244  const size_t __wshift = __shift / _GLIBCXX_BITSET_BITS_PER_WORD;
245  const size_t __offset = __shift % _GLIBCXX_BITSET_BITS_PER_WORD;
246 
247  if (__offset == 0)
248  for (size_t __n = _Nw - 1; __n >= __wshift; --__n)
249  _M_w[__n] = _M_w[__n - __wshift];
250  else
251  {
252  const size_t __sub_offset = (_GLIBCXX_BITSET_BITS_PER_WORD
253  - __offset);
254  for (size_t __n = _Nw - 1; __n > __wshift; --__n)
255  _M_w[__n] = ((_M_w[__n - __wshift] << __offset)
256  | (_M_w[__n - __wshift - 1] >> __sub_offset));
257  _M_w[__wshift] = _M_w[0] << __offset;
258  }
259 
260  std::fill(_M_w + 0, _M_w + __wshift, static_cast<_WordT>(0));
261  }
262  }
263 
264  template<size_t _Nw>
265  void
266  _Base_bitset<_Nw>::_M_do_right_shift(size_t __shift) _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
267  {
268  if (__builtin_expect(__shift != 0, 1))
269  {
270  const size_t __wshift = __shift / _GLIBCXX_BITSET_BITS_PER_WORD;
271  const size_t __offset = __shift % _GLIBCXX_BITSET_BITS_PER_WORD;
272  const size_t __limit = _Nw - __wshift - 1;
273 
274  if (__offset == 0)
275  for (size_t __n = 0; __n <= __limit; ++__n)
276  _M_w[__n] = _M_w[__n + __wshift];
277  else
278  {
279  const size_t __sub_offset = (_GLIBCXX_BITSET_BITS_PER_WORD
280  - __offset);
281  for (size_t __n = 0; __n < __limit; ++__n)
282  _M_w[__n] = ((_M_w[__n + __wshift] >> __offset)
283  | (_M_w[__n + __wshift + 1] << __sub_offset));
284  _M_w[__limit] = _M_w[_Nw-1] >> __offset;
285  }
286 
287  std::fill(_M_w + __limit + 1, _M_w + _Nw, static_cast<_WordT>(0));
288  }
289  }
290 
291  template<size_t _Nw>
292  unsigned long
293  _Base_bitset<_Nw>::_M_do_to_ulong() const
294  {
295  for (size_t __i = 1; __i < _Nw; ++__i)
296  if (_M_w[__i])
297  __throw_overflow_error(__N("_Base_bitset::_M_do_to_ulong"));
298  return _M_w[0];
299  }
300 
301 #if __cplusplus >= 201103L
302  template<size_t _Nw>
303  unsigned long long
304  _Base_bitset<_Nw>::_M_do_to_ullong() const
305  {
306  const bool __dw = sizeof(unsigned long long) > sizeof(unsigned long);
307  for (size_t __i = 1 + __dw; __i < _Nw; ++__i)
308  if (_M_w[__i])
309  __throw_overflow_error(__N("_Base_bitset::_M_do_to_ullong"));
310 
311  if (__dw)
312  return _M_w[0] + (static_cast<unsigned long long>(_M_w[1])
313  << _GLIBCXX_BITSET_BITS_PER_WORD);
314  return _M_w[0];
315  }
316 #endif
317 
318  template<size_t _Nw>
319  size_t
320  _Base_bitset<_Nw>::
321  _M_do_find_first(size_t __not_found) const _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
322  {
323  for (size_t __i = 0; __i < _Nw; __i++)
324  {
325  _WordT __thisword = _M_w[__i];
326  if (__thisword != static_cast<_WordT>(0))
327  return (__i * _GLIBCXX_BITSET_BITS_PER_WORD
328  + __builtin_ctzl(__thisword));
329  }
330  // not found, so return an indication of failure.
331  return __not_found;
332  }
333 
334  template<size_t _Nw>
335  size_t
336  _Base_bitset<_Nw>::
337  _M_do_find_next(size_t __prev, size_t __not_found) const _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
338  {
339  // make bound inclusive
340  ++__prev;
341 
342  // check out of bounds
343  if (__prev >= _Nw * _GLIBCXX_BITSET_BITS_PER_WORD)
344  return __not_found;
345 
346  // search first word
347  size_t __i = _S_whichword(__prev);
348  _WordT __thisword = _M_w[__i];
349 
350  // mask off bits below bound
351  __thisword &= (~static_cast<_WordT>(0)) << _S_whichbit(__prev);
352 
353  if (__thisword != static_cast<_WordT>(0))
354  return (__i * _GLIBCXX_BITSET_BITS_PER_WORD
355  + __builtin_ctzl(__thisword));
356 
357  // check subsequent words
358  __i++;
359  for (; __i < _Nw; __i++)
360  {
361  __thisword = _M_w[__i];
362  if (__thisword != static_cast<_WordT>(0))
363  return (__i * _GLIBCXX_BITSET_BITS_PER_WORD
364  + __builtin_ctzl(__thisword));
365  }
366  // not found, so return an indication of failure.
367  return __not_found;
368  } // end _M_do_find_next
369 
370  /**
371  * Base class, specialization for a single word.
372  *
373  * See documentation for bitset.
374  */
375  template<>
376  struct _Base_bitset<1>
377  {
378  typedef unsigned long _WordT;
379  _WordT _M_w;
380 
381  _GLIBCXX_CONSTEXPR _Base_bitset() _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
382  : _M_w(0)
383  { }
384 
385 #if __cplusplus >= 201103L
386  constexpr _Base_bitset(unsigned long long __val) noexcept
387 #else
388  _Base_bitset(unsigned long __val)
389 #endif
390  : _M_w(__val)
391  { }
392 
393  static _GLIBCXX_CONSTEXPR size_t
394  _S_whichword(size_t __pos) _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
395  { return __pos / _GLIBCXX_BITSET_BITS_PER_WORD; }
396 
397  static _GLIBCXX_CONSTEXPR size_t
398  _S_whichbyte(size_t __pos) _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
399  { return (__pos % _GLIBCXX_BITSET_BITS_PER_WORD) / __CHAR_BIT__; }
400 
401  static _GLIBCXX_CONSTEXPR size_t
402  _S_whichbit(size_t __pos) _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
403  { return __pos % _GLIBCXX_BITSET_BITS_PER_WORD; }
404 
405  static _GLIBCXX_CONSTEXPR _WordT
406  _S_maskbit(size_t __pos) _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
407  { return (static_cast<_WordT>(1)) << _S_whichbit(__pos); }
408 
409  _WordT&
410  _M_getword(size_t) _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
411  { return _M_w; }
412 
413  _GLIBCXX_CONSTEXPR _WordT
414  _M_getword(size_t) const _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
415  { return _M_w; }
416 
417 #if __cplusplus >= 201103L
418  const _WordT*
419  _M_getdata() const noexcept
420  { return &_M_w; }
421 #endif
422 
423  _WordT&
424  _M_hiword() _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
425  { return _M_w; }
426 
427  _GLIBCXX_CONSTEXPR _WordT
428  _M_hiword() const _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
429  { return _M_w; }
430 
431  void
432  _M_do_and(const _Base_bitset<1>& __x) _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
433  { _M_w &= __x._M_w; }
434 
435  void
436  _M_do_or(const _Base_bitset<1>& __x) _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
437  { _M_w |= __x._M_w; }
438 
439  void
440  _M_do_xor(const _Base_bitset<1>& __x) _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
441  { _M_w ^= __x._M_w; }
442 
443  void
444  _M_do_left_shift(size_t __shift) _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
445  { _M_w <<= __shift; }
446 
447  void
448  _M_do_right_shift(size_t __shift) _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
449  { _M_w >>= __shift; }
450 
451  void
452  _M_do_flip() _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
453  { _M_w = ~_M_w; }
454 
455  void
456  _M_do_set() _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
457  { _M_w = ~static_cast<_WordT>(0); }
458 
459  void
460  _M_do_reset() _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
461  { _M_w = 0; }
462 
463  bool
464  _M_is_equal(const _Base_bitset<1>& __x) const _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
465  { return _M_w == __x._M_w; }
466 
467  template<size_t _Nb>
468  bool
469  _M_are_all() const _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
470  { return _M_w == (~static_cast<_WordT>(0)
471  >> (_GLIBCXX_BITSET_BITS_PER_WORD - _Nb)); }
472 
473  bool
474  _M_is_any() const _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
475  { return _M_w != 0; }
476 
477  size_t
478  _M_do_count() const _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
479  { return __builtin_popcountl(_M_w); }
480 
481  unsigned long
482  _M_do_to_ulong() const _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
483  { return _M_w; }
484 
485 #if __cplusplus >= 201103L
486  unsigned long long
487  _M_do_to_ullong() const noexcept
488  { return _M_w; }
489 #endif
490 
491  size_t
492  _M_do_find_first(size_t __not_found) const _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
493  {
494  if (_M_w != 0)
495  return __builtin_ctzl(_M_w);
496  else
497  return __not_found;
498  }
499 
500  // find the next "on" bit that follows "prev"
501  size_t
502  _M_do_find_next(size_t __prev, size_t __not_found) const
503  _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
504  {
505  ++__prev;
506  if (__prev >= ((size_t) _GLIBCXX_BITSET_BITS_PER_WORD))
507  return __not_found;
508 
509  _WordT __x = _M_w >> __prev;
510  if (__x != 0)
511  return __builtin_ctzl(__x) + __prev;
512  else
513  return __not_found;
514  }
515  };
516 
517  /**
518  * Base class, specialization for no storage (zero-length %bitset).
519  *
520  * See documentation for bitset.
521  */
522  template<>
523  struct _Base_bitset<0>
524  {
525  typedef unsigned long _WordT;
526 
527  _GLIBCXX_CONSTEXPR _Base_bitset() _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
528  { }
529 
530 #if __cplusplus >= 201103L
531  constexpr _Base_bitset(unsigned long long) noexcept
532 #else
533  _Base_bitset(unsigned long)
534 #endif
535  { }
536 
537  static _GLIBCXX_CONSTEXPR size_t
538  _S_whichword(size_t __pos) _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
539  { return __pos / _GLIBCXX_BITSET_BITS_PER_WORD; }
540 
541  static _GLIBCXX_CONSTEXPR size_t
542  _S_whichbyte(size_t __pos) _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
543  { return (__pos % _GLIBCXX_BITSET_BITS_PER_WORD) / __CHAR_BIT__; }
544 
545  static _GLIBCXX_CONSTEXPR size_t
546  _S_whichbit(size_t __pos) _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
547  { return __pos % _GLIBCXX_BITSET_BITS_PER_WORD; }
548 
549  static _GLIBCXX_CONSTEXPR _WordT
550  _S_maskbit(size_t __pos) _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
551  { return (static_cast<_WordT>(1)) << _S_whichbit(__pos); }
552 
553  // This would normally give access to the data. The bounds-checking
554  // in the bitset class will prevent the user from getting this far,
555  // but (1) it must still return an lvalue to compile, and (2) the
556  // user might call _Unchecked_set directly, in which case this /needs/
557  // to fail. Let's not penalize zero-length users unless they actually
558  // make an unchecked call; all the memory ugliness is therefore
559  // localized to this single should-never-get-this-far function.
560  _WordT&
561  _M_getword(size_t) _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
562  {
563  __throw_out_of_range(__N("_Base_bitset::_M_getword"));
564  return *new _WordT;
565  }
566 
567  _GLIBCXX_CONSTEXPR _WordT
568  _M_getword(size_t) const _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
569  { return 0; }
570 
571  _GLIBCXX_CONSTEXPR _WordT
572  _M_hiword() const _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
573  { return 0; }
574 
575  void
576  _M_do_and(const _Base_bitset<0>&) _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
577  { }
578 
579  void
580  _M_do_or(const _Base_bitset<0>&) _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
581  { }
582 
583  void
584  _M_do_xor(const _Base_bitset<0>&) _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
585  { }
586 
587  void
588  _M_do_left_shift(size_t) _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
589  { }
590 
591  void
592  _M_do_right_shift(size_t) _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
593  { }
594 
595  void
596  _M_do_flip() _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
597  { }
598 
599  void
600  _M_do_set() _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
601  { }
602 
603  void
604  _M_do_reset() _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
605  { }
606 
607  // Are all empty bitsets equal to each other? Are they equal to
608  // themselves? How to compare a thing which has no state? What is
609  // the sound of one zero-length bitset clapping?
610  bool
611  _M_is_equal(const _Base_bitset<0>&) const _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
612  { return true; }
613 
614  template<size_t _Nb>
615  bool
616  _M_are_all() const _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
617  { return true; }
618 
619  bool
620  _M_is_any() const _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
621  { return false; }
622 
623  size_t
624  _M_do_count() const _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
625  { return 0; }
626 
627  unsigned long
628  _M_do_to_ulong() const _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
629  { return 0; }
630 
631 #if __cplusplus >= 201103L
632  unsigned long long
633  _M_do_to_ullong() const noexcept
634  { return 0; }
635 #endif
636 
637  // Normally "not found" is the size, but that could also be
638  // misinterpreted as an index in this corner case. Oh well.
639  size_t
640  _M_do_find_first(size_t) const _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
641  { return 0; }
642 
643  size_t
644  _M_do_find_next(size_t, size_t) const _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
645  { return 0; }
646  };
647 
648 
649  // Helper class to zero out the unused high-order bits in the highest word.
650  template<size_t _Extrabits>
651  struct _Sanitize
652  {
653  typedef unsigned long _WordT;
654 
655  static void
656  _S_do_sanitize(_WordT& __val) _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
657  { __val &= ~((~static_cast<_WordT>(0)) << _Extrabits); }
658  };
659 
660  template<>
661  struct _Sanitize<0>
662  {
663  typedef unsigned long _WordT;
664 
665  static void
666  _S_do_sanitize(_WordT) _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT { }
667  };
668 
669 #if __cplusplus >= 201103L
670  template<size_t _Nb, bool = (_Nb < _GLIBCXX_BITSET_BITS_PER_ULL)>
671  struct _Sanitize_val
672  {
673  static constexpr unsigned long long
674  _S_do_sanitize_val(unsigned long long __val)
675  { return __val; }
676  };
677 
678  template<size_t _Nb>
679  struct _Sanitize_val<_Nb, true>
680  {
681  static constexpr unsigned long long
682  _S_do_sanitize_val(unsigned long long __val)
683  { return __val & ~((~static_cast<unsigned long long>(0)) << _Nb); }
684  };
685 #endif
686 
687  /**
688  * @brief The %bitset class represents a @e fixed-size sequence of bits.
689  * @ingroup utilities
690  *
691  * (Note that %bitset does @e not meet the formal requirements of a
692  * <a href="tables.html#65">container</a>. Mainly, it lacks iterators.)
693  *
694  * The template argument, @a Nb, may be any non-negative number,
695  * specifying the number of bits (e.g., "0", "12", "1024*1024").
696  *
697  * In the general unoptimized case, storage is allocated in word-sized
698  * blocks. Let B be the number of bits in a word, then (Nb+(B-1))/B
699  * words will be used for storage. B - Nb%B bits are unused. (They are
700  * the high-order bits in the highest word.) It is a class invariant
701  * that those unused bits are always zero.
702  *
703  * If you think of %bitset as <em>a simple array of bits</em>, be
704  * aware that your mental picture is reversed: a %bitset behaves
705  * the same way as bits in integers do, with the bit at index 0 in
706  * the <em>least significant / right-hand</em> position, and the bit at
707  * index Nb-1 in the <em>most significant / left-hand</em> position.
708  * Thus, unlike other containers, a %bitset's index <em>counts from
709  * right to left</em>, to put it very loosely.
710  *
711  * This behavior is preserved when translating to and from strings. For
712  * example, the first line of the following program probably prints
713  * <em>b(&apos;a&apos;) is 0001100001</em> on a modern ASCII system.
714  *
715  * @code
716  * #include <bitset>
717  * #include <iostream>
718  * #include <sstream>
719  *
720  * using namespace std;
721  *
722  * int main()
723  * {
724  * long a = 'a';
725  * bitset<10> b(a);
726  *
727  * cout << "b('a') is " << b << endl;
728  *
729  * ostringstream s;
730  * s << b;
731  * string str = s.str();
732  * cout << "index 3 in the string is " << str[3] << " but\n"
733  * << "index 3 in the bitset is " << b[3] << endl;
734  * }
735  * @endcode
736  *
737  * Also see:
738  * https://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/libstdc++/manual/ext_containers.html
739  * for a description of extensions.
740  *
741  * Most of the actual code isn't contained in %bitset<> itself, but in the
742  * base class _Base_bitset. The base class works with whole words, not with
743  * individual bits. This allows us to specialize _Base_bitset for the
744  * important special case where the %bitset is only a single word.
745  *
746  * Extra confusion can result due to the fact that the storage for
747  * _Base_bitset @e is a regular array, and is indexed as such. This is
748  * carefully encapsulated.
749  */
750  template<size_t _Nb>
751  class bitset
752  : private _Base_bitset<_GLIBCXX_BITSET_WORDS(_Nb)>
753  {
754  private:
755  typedef _Base_bitset<_GLIBCXX_BITSET_WORDS(_Nb)> _Base;
756  typedef unsigned long _WordT;
757 
758  template<class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Alloc>
759  void
760  _M_check_initial_position(const std::basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Alloc>& __s,
761  size_t __position) const
762  {
763  if (__position > __s.size())
764  __throw_out_of_range_fmt(__N("bitset::bitset: __position "
765  "(which is %zu) > __s.size() "
766  "(which is %zu)"),
767  __position, __s.size());
768  }
769 
770  void _M_check(size_t __position, const char *__s) const
771  {
772  if (__position >= _Nb)
773  __throw_out_of_range_fmt(__N("%s: __position (which is %zu) "
774  ">= _Nb (which is %zu)"),
775  __s, __position, _Nb);
776  }
777 
778  void
779  _M_do_sanitize() _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
780  {
781  typedef _Sanitize<_Nb % _GLIBCXX_BITSET_BITS_PER_WORD> __sanitize_type;
782  __sanitize_type::_S_do_sanitize(this->_M_hiword());
783  }
784 
785 #if __cplusplus >= 201103L
786  friend struct std::hash<bitset>;
787 #endif
788 
789  public:
790  /**
791  * This encapsulates the concept of a single bit. An instance of this
792  * class is a proxy for an actual bit; this way the individual bit
793  * operations are done as faster word-size bitwise instructions.
794  *
795  * Most users will never need to use this class directly; conversions
796  * to and from bool are automatic and should be transparent. Overloaded
797  * operators help to preserve the illusion.
798  *
799  * (On a typical system, this <em>bit %reference</em> is 64
800  * times the size of an actual bit. Ha.)
801  */
802  class reference
803  {
804  friend class bitset;
805 
806  _WordT* _M_wp;
807  size_t _M_bpos;
808 
809  // left undefined
810  reference();
811 
812  public:
813  reference(bitset& __b, size_t __pos) _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
814  {
815  _M_wp = &__b._M_getword(__pos);
816  _M_bpos = _Base::_S_whichbit(__pos);
817  }
818 
819 #if __cplusplus >= 201103L
820  reference(const reference&) = default;
821 #endif
822 
823  ~reference() _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
824  { }
825 
826  // For b[i] = __x;
827  reference&
828  operator=(bool __x) _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
829  {
830  if (__x)
831  *_M_wp |= _Base::_S_maskbit(_M_bpos);
832  else
833  *_M_wp &= ~_Base::_S_maskbit(_M_bpos);
834  return *this;
835  }
836 
837  // For b[i] = b[__j];
838  reference&
839  operator=(const reference& __j) _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
840  {
841  if ((*(__j._M_wp) & _Base::_S_maskbit(__j._M_bpos)))
842  *_M_wp |= _Base::_S_maskbit(_M_bpos);
843  else
844  *_M_wp &= ~_Base::_S_maskbit(_M_bpos);
845  return *this;
846  }
847 
848  // Flips the bit
849  bool
850  operator~() const _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
851  { return (*(_M_wp) & _Base::_S_maskbit(_M_bpos)) == 0; }
852 
853  // For __x = b[i];
854  operator bool() const _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
855  { return (*(_M_wp) & _Base::_S_maskbit(_M_bpos)) != 0; }
856 
857  // For b[i].flip();
858  reference&
859  flip() _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
860  {
861  *_M_wp ^= _Base::_S_maskbit(_M_bpos);
862  return *this;
863  }
864  };
865  friend class reference;
866 
867  // 23.3.5.1 constructors:
868  /// All bits set to zero.
869  _GLIBCXX_CONSTEXPR bitset() _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
870  { }
871 
872  /// Initial bits bitwise-copied from a single word (others set to zero).
873 #if __cplusplus >= 201103L
874  constexpr bitset(unsigned long long __val) noexcept
875  : _Base(_Sanitize_val<_Nb>::_S_do_sanitize_val(__val)) { }
876 #else
877  bitset(unsigned long __val)
878  : _Base(__val)
879  { _M_do_sanitize(); }
880 #endif
881 
882  /**
883  * Use a subset of a string.
884  * @param __s A string of @a 0 and @a 1 characters.
885  * @param __position Index of the first character in @a __s to use;
886  * defaults to zero.
887  * @throw std::out_of_range If @a pos is bigger the size of @a __s.
888  * @throw std::invalid_argument If a character appears in the string
889  * which is neither @a 0 nor @a 1.
890  */
891  template<class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Alloc>
892  explicit
893  bitset(const std::basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Alloc>& __s,
894  size_t __position = 0)
895  : _Base()
896  {
897  _M_check_initial_position(__s, __position);
898  _M_copy_from_string(__s, __position,
899  std::basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Alloc>::npos,
900  _CharT('0'), _CharT('1'));
901  }
902 
903  /**
904  * Use a subset of a string.
905  * @param __s A string of @a 0 and @a 1 characters.
906  * @param __position Index of the first character in @a __s to use.
907  * @param __n The number of characters to copy.
908  * @throw std::out_of_range If @a __position is bigger the size
909  * of @a __s.
910  * @throw std::invalid_argument If a character appears in the string
911  * which is neither @a 0 nor @a 1.
912  */
913  template<class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Alloc>
914  bitset(const std::basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Alloc>& __s,
915  size_t __position, size_t __n)
916  : _Base()
917  {
918  _M_check_initial_position(__s, __position);
919  _M_copy_from_string(__s, __position, __n, _CharT('0'), _CharT('1'));
920  }
921 
922  // _GLIBCXX_RESOLVE_LIB_DEFECTS
923  // 396. what are characters zero and one.
924  template<class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Alloc>
925  bitset(const std::basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Alloc>& __s,
926  size_t __position, size_t __n,
927  _CharT __zero, _CharT __one = _CharT('1'))
928  : _Base()
929  {
930  _M_check_initial_position(__s, __position);
931  _M_copy_from_string(__s, __position, __n, __zero, __one);
932  }
933 
934 #if __cplusplus >= 201103L
935  /**
936  * Construct from a character %array.
937  * @param __str An %array of characters @a zero and @a one.
938  * @param __n The number of characters to use.
939  * @param __zero The character corresponding to the value 0.
940  * @param __one The character corresponding to the value 1.
941  * @throw std::invalid_argument If a character appears in the string
942  * which is neither @a __zero nor @a __one.
943  */
944  template<typename _CharT>
945  explicit
946  bitset(const _CharT* __str,
947  typename std::basic_string<_CharT>::size_type __n
948  = std::basic_string<_CharT>::npos,
949  _CharT __zero = _CharT('0'), _CharT __one = _CharT('1'))
950  : _Base()
951  {
952  if (!__str)
953  __throw_logic_error(__N("bitset::bitset(const _CharT*, ...)"));
954 
955  if (__n == std::basic_string<_CharT>::npos)
956  __n = std::char_traits<_CharT>::length(__str);
957  _M_copy_from_ptr<_CharT, std::char_traits<_CharT>>(__str, __n, 0,
958  __n, __zero,
959  __one);
960  }
961 #endif
962 
963  // 23.3.5.2 bitset operations:
964  //@{
965  /**
966  * Operations on bitsets.
967  * @param __rhs A same-sized bitset.
968  *
969  * These should be self-explanatory.
970  */
971  bitset<_Nb>&
972  operator&=(const bitset<_Nb>& __rhs) _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
973  {
974  this->_M_do_and(__rhs);
975  return *this;
976  }
977 
978  bitset<_Nb>&
979  operator|=(const bitset<_Nb>& __rhs) _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
980  {
981  this->_M_do_or(__rhs);
982  return *this;
983  }
984 
985  bitset<_Nb>&
986  operator^=(const bitset<_Nb>& __rhs) _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
987  {
988  this->_M_do_xor(__rhs);
989  return *this;
990  }
991  //@}
992 
993  //@{
994  /**
995  * Operations on bitsets.
996  * @param __position The number of places to shift.
997  *
998  * These should be self-explanatory.
999  */
1000  bitset<_Nb>&
1001  operator<<=(size_t __position) _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
1002  {
1003  if (__builtin_expect(__position < _Nb, 1))
1004  {
1005  this->_M_do_left_shift(__position);
1006  this->_M_do_sanitize();
1007  }
1008  else
1009  this->_M_do_reset();
1010  return *this;
1011  }
1012 
1013  bitset<_Nb>&
1014  operator>>=(size_t __position) _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
1015  {
1016  if (__builtin_expect(__position < _Nb, 1))
1017  {
1018  this->_M_do_right_shift(__position);
1019  this->_M_do_sanitize();
1020  }
1021  else
1022  this->_M_do_reset();
1023  return *this;
1024  }
1025  //@}
1026 
1027  //@{
1028  /**
1029  * These versions of single-bit set, reset, flip, and test are
1030  * extensions from the SGI version. They do no range checking.
1031  * @ingroup SGIextensions
1032  */
1033  bitset<_Nb>&
1034  _Unchecked_set(size_t __pos) _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
1035  {
1036  this->_M_getword(__pos) |= _Base::_S_maskbit(__pos);
1037  return *this;
1038  }
1039 
1040  bitset<_Nb>&
1041  _Unchecked_set(size_t __pos, int __val) _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
1042  {
1043  if (__val)
1044  this->_M_getword(__pos) |= _Base::_S_maskbit(__pos);
1045  else
1046  this->_M_getword(__pos) &= ~_Base::_S_maskbit(__pos);
1047  return *this;
1048  }
1049 
1050  bitset<_Nb>&
1051  _Unchecked_reset(size_t __pos) _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
1052  {
1053  this->_M_getword(__pos) &= ~_Base::_S_maskbit(__pos);
1054  return *this;
1055  }
1056 
1057  bitset<_Nb>&
1058  _Unchecked_flip(size_t __pos) _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
1059  {
1060  this->_M_getword(__pos) ^= _Base::_S_maskbit(__pos);
1061  return *this;
1062  }
1063 
1064  _GLIBCXX_CONSTEXPR bool
1065  _Unchecked_test(size_t __pos) const _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
1066  { return ((this->_M_getword(__pos) & _Base::_S_maskbit(__pos))
1067  != static_cast<_WordT>(0)); }
1068  //@}
1069 
1070  // Set, reset, and flip.
1071  /**
1072  * @brief Sets every bit to true.
1073  */
1074  bitset<_Nb>&
1075  set() _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
1076  {
1077  this->_M_do_set();
1078  this->_M_do_sanitize();
1079  return *this;
1080  }
1081 
1082  /**
1083  * @brief Sets a given bit to a particular value.
1084  * @param __position The index of the bit.
1085  * @param __val Either true or false, defaults to true.
1086  * @throw std::out_of_range If @a pos is bigger the size of the %set.
1087  */
1088  bitset<_Nb>&
1089  set(size_t __position, bool __val = true)
1090  {
1091  this->_M_check(__position, __N("bitset::set"));
1092  return _Unchecked_set(__position, __val);
1093  }
1094 
1095  /**
1096  * @brief Sets every bit to false.
1097  */
1098  bitset<_Nb>&
1099  reset() _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
1100  {
1101  this->_M_do_reset();
1102  return *this;
1103  }
1104 
1105  /**
1106  * @brief Sets a given bit to false.
1107  * @param __position The index of the bit.
1108  * @throw std::out_of_range If @a pos is bigger the size of the %set.
1109  *
1110  * Same as writing @c set(pos,false).
1111  */
1112  bitset<_Nb>&
1113  reset(size_t __position)
1114  {
1115  this->_M_check(__position, __N("bitset::reset"));
1116  return _Unchecked_reset(__position);
1117  }
1118 
1119  /**
1120  * @brief Toggles every bit to its opposite value.
1121  */
1122  bitset<_Nb>&
1123  flip() _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
1124  {
1125  this->_M_do_flip();
1126  this->_M_do_sanitize();
1127  return *this;
1128  }
1129 
1130  /**
1131  * @brief Toggles a given bit to its opposite value.
1132  * @param __position The index of the bit.
1133  * @throw std::out_of_range If @a pos is bigger the size of the %set.
1134  */
1135  bitset<_Nb>&
1136  flip(size_t __position)
1137  {
1138  this->_M_check(__position, __N("bitset::flip"));
1139  return _Unchecked_flip(__position);
1140  }
1141 
1142  /// See the no-argument flip().
1143  bitset<_Nb>
1144  operator~() const _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
1145  { return bitset<_Nb>(*this).flip(); }
1146 
1147  //@{
1148  /**
1149  * @brief Array-indexing support.
1150  * @param __position Index into the %bitset.
1151  * @return A bool for a <em>const %bitset</em>. For non-const
1152  * bitsets, an instance of the reference proxy class.
1153  * @note These operators do no range checking and throw no exceptions,
1154  * as required by DR 11 to the standard.
1155  *
1156  * _GLIBCXX_RESOLVE_LIB_DEFECTS Note that this implementation already
1157  * resolves DR 11 (items 1 and 2), but does not do the range-checking
1158  * required by that DR's resolution. -pme
1159  * The DR has since been changed: range-checking is a precondition
1160  * (users' responsibility), and these functions must not throw. -pme
1161  */
1162  reference
1163  operator[](size_t __position)
1164  { return reference(*this, __position); }
1165 
1166  _GLIBCXX_CONSTEXPR bool
1167  operator[](size_t __position) const
1168  { return _Unchecked_test(__position); }
1169  //@}
1170 
1171  /**
1172  * @brief Returns a numerical interpretation of the %bitset.
1173  * @return The integral equivalent of the bits.
1174  * @throw std::overflow_error If there are too many bits to be
1175  * represented in an @c unsigned @c long.
1176  */
1177  unsigned long
1178  to_ulong() const
1179  { return this->_M_do_to_ulong(); }
1180 
1181 #if __cplusplus >= 201103L
1182  unsigned long long
1183  to_ullong() const
1184  { return this->_M_do_to_ullong(); }
1185 #endif
1186 
1187  /**
1188  * @brief Returns a character interpretation of the %bitset.
1189  * @return The string equivalent of the bits.
1190  *
1191  * Note the ordering of the bits: decreasing character positions
1192  * correspond to increasing bit positions (see the main class notes for
1193  * an example).
1194  */
1195  template<class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Alloc>
1196  std::basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Alloc>
1197  to_string() const
1198  {
1199  std::basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Alloc> __result;
1200  _M_copy_to_string(__result, _CharT('0'), _CharT('1'));
1201  return __result;
1202  }
1203 
1204  // _GLIBCXX_RESOLVE_LIB_DEFECTS
1205  // 396. what are characters zero and one.
1206  template<class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Alloc>
1207  std::basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Alloc>
1208  to_string(_CharT __zero, _CharT __one = _CharT('1')) const
1209  {
1210  std::basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Alloc> __result;
1211  _M_copy_to_string(__result, __zero, __one);
1212  return __result;
1213  }
1214 
1215  // _GLIBCXX_RESOLVE_LIB_DEFECTS
1216  // 434. bitset::to_string() hard to use.
1217  template<class _CharT, class _Traits>
1218  std::basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, std::allocator<_CharT> >
1219  to_string() const
1220  { return to_string<_CharT, _Traits, std::allocator<_CharT> >(); }
1221 
1222  // _GLIBCXX_RESOLVE_LIB_DEFECTS
1223  // 853. to_string needs updating with zero and one.
1224  template<class _CharT, class _Traits>
1225  std::basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, std::allocator<_CharT> >
1226  to_string(_CharT __zero, _CharT __one = _CharT('1')) const
1227  { return to_string<_CharT, _Traits,
1228  std::allocator<_CharT> >(__zero, __one); }
1229 
1230  template<class _CharT>
1231  std::basic_string<_CharT, std::char_traits<_CharT>,
1232  std::allocator<_CharT> >
1233  to_string() const
1234  {
1235  return to_string<_CharT, std::char_traits<_CharT>,
1236  std::allocator<_CharT> >();
1237  }
1238 
1239  template<class _CharT>
1240  std::basic_string<_CharT, std::char_traits<_CharT>,
1241  std::allocator<_CharT> >
1242  to_string(_CharT __zero, _CharT __one = _CharT('1')) const
1243  {
1244  return to_string<_CharT, std::char_traits<_CharT>,
1245  std::allocator<_CharT> >(__zero, __one);
1246  }
1247 
1248  std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >
1249  to_string() const
1250  {
1251  return to_string<char, std::char_traits<char>,
1252  std::allocator<char> >();
1253  }
1254 
1255  std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >
1256  to_string(char __zero, char __one = '1') const
1257  {
1258  return to_string<char, std::char_traits<char>,
1259  std::allocator<char> >(__zero, __one);
1260  }
1261 
1262  // Helper functions for string operations.
1263  template<class _CharT, class _Traits>
1264  void
1265  _M_copy_from_ptr(const _CharT*, size_t, size_t, size_t,
1266  _CharT, _CharT);
1267 
1268  template<class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Alloc>
1269  void
1270  _M_copy_from_string(const std::basic_string<_CharT,
1271  _Traits, _Alloc>& __s, size_t __pos, size_t __n,
1272  _CharT __zero, _CharT __one)
1273  { _M_copy_from_ptr<_CharT, _Traits>(__s.data(), __s.size(), __pos, __n,
1274  __zero, __one); }
1275 
1276  template<class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Alloc>
1277  void
1278  _M_copy_to_string(std::basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Alloc>&,
1279  _CharT, _CharT) const;
1280 
1281  // NB: Backward compat.
1282  template<class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Alloc>
1283  void
1284  _M_copy_from_string(const std::basic_string<_CharT,
1285  _Traits, _Alloc>& __s, size_t __pos, size_t __n)
1286  { _M_copy_from_string(__s, __pos, __n, _CharT('0'), _CharT('1')); }
1287 
1288  template<class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Alloc>
1289  void
1290  _M_copy_to_string(std::basic_string<_CharT, _Traits,_Alloc>& __s) const
1291  { _M_copy_to_string(__s, _CharT('0'), _CharT('1')); }
1292 
1293  /// Returns the number of bits which are set.
1294  size_t
1295  count() const _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
1296  { return this->_M_do_count(); }
1297 
1298  /// Returns the total number of bits.
1299  _GLIBCXX_CONSTEXPR size_t
1300  size() const _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
1301  { return _Nb; }
1302 
1303  //@{
1304  /// These comparisons for equality/inequality are, well, @e bitwise.
1305  bool
1306  operator==(const bitset<_Nb>& __rhs) const _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
1307  { return this->_M_is_equal(__rhs); }
1308 
1309  bool
1310  operator!=(const bitset<_Nb>& __rhs) const _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
1311  { return !this->_M_is_equal(__rhs); }
1312  //@}
1313 
1314  /**
1315  * @brief Tests the value of a bit.
1316  * @param __position The index of a bit.
1317  * @return The value at @a pos.
1318  * @throw std::out_of_range If @a pos is bigger the size of the %set.
1319  */
1320  bool
1321  test(size_t __position) const
1322  {
1323  this->_M_check(__position, __N("bitset::test"));
1324  return _Unchecked_test(__position);
1325  }
1326 
1327  // _GLIBCXX_RESOLVE_LIB_DEFECTS
1328  // DR 693. std::bitset::all() missing.
1329  /**
1330  * @brief Tests whether all the bits are on.
1331  * @return True if all the bits are set.
1332  */
1333  bool
1334  all() const _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
1335  { return this->template _M_are_all<_Nb>(); }
1336 
1337  /**
1338  * @brief Tests whether any of the bits are on.
1339  * @return True if at least one bit is set.
1340  */
1341  bool
1342  any() const _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
1343  { return this->_M_is_any(); }
1344 
1345  /**
1346  * @brief Tests whether any of the bits are on.
1347  * @return True if none of the bits are set.
1348  */
1349  bool
1350  none() const _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
1351  { return !this->_M_is_any(); }
1352 
1353  //@{
1354  /// Self-explanatory.
1355  bitset<_Nb>
1356  operator<<(size_t __position) const _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
1357  { return bitset<_Nb>(*this) <<= __position; }
1358 
1359  bitset<_Nb>
1360  operator>>(size_t __position) const _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
1361  { return bitset<_Nb>(*this) >>= __position; }
1362  //@}
1363 
1364  /**
1365  * @brief Finds the index of the first "on" bit.
1366  * @return The index of the first bit set, or size() if not found.
1367  * @ingroup SGIextensions
1368  * @sa _Find_next
1369  */
1370  size_t
1371  _Find_first() const _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
1372  { return this->_M_do_find_first(_Nb); }
1373 
1374  /**
1375  * @brief Finds the index of the next "on" bit after prev.
1376  * @return The index of the next bit set, or size() if not found.
1377  * @param __prev Where to start searching.
1378  * @ingroup SGIextensions
1379  * @sa _Find_first
1380  */
1381  size_t
1382  _Find_next(size_t __prev) const _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
1383  { return this->_M_do_find_next(__prev, _Nb); }
1384  };
1385 
1386  // Definitions of non-inline member functions.
1387  template<size_t _Nb>
1388  template<class _CharT, class _Traits>
1389  void
1390  bitset<_Nb>::
1391  _M_copy_from_ptr(const _CharT* __s, size_t __len,
1392  size_t __pos, size_t __n, _CharT __zero, _CharT __one)
1393  {
1394  reset();
1395  const size_t __nbits = std::min(_Nb, std::min(__n, size_t(__len - __pos)));
1396  for (size_t __i = __nbits; __i > 0; --__i)
1397  {
1398  const _CharT __c = __s[__pos + __nbits - __i];
1399  if (_Traits::eq(__c, __zero))
1400  ;
1401  else if (_Traits::eq(__c, __one))
1402  _Unchecked_set(__i - 1);
1403  else
1404  __throw_invalid_argument(__N("bitset::_M_copy_from_ptr"));
1405  }
1406  }
1407 
1408  template<size_t _Nb>
1409  template<class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Alloc>
1410  void
1411  bitset<_Nb>::
1412  _M_copy_to_string(std::basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Alloc>& __s,
1413  _CharT __zero, _CharT __one) const
1414  {
1415  __s.assign(_Nb, __zero);
1416  for (size_t __i = _Nb; __i > 0; --__i)
1417  if (_Unchecked_test(__i - 1))
1418  _Traits::assign(__s[_Nb - __i], __one);
1419  }
1420 
1421  // 23.3.5.3 bitset operations:
1422  //@{
1423  /**
1424  * @brief Global bitwise operations on bitsets.
1425  * @param __x A bitset.
1426  * @param __y A bitset of the same size as @a __x.
1427  * @return A new bitset.
1428  *
1429  * These should be self-explanatory.
1430  */
1431  template<size_t _Nb>
1432  inline bitset<_Nb>
1433  operator&(const bitset<_Nb>& __x, const bitset<_Nb>& __y) _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
1434  {
1435  bitset<_Nb> __result(__x);
1436  __result &= __y;
1437  return __result;
1438  }
1439 
1440  template<size_t _Nb>
1441  inline bitset<_Nb>
1442  operator|(const bitset<_Nb>& __x, const bitset<_Nb>& __y) _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
1443  {
1444  bitset<_Nb> __result(__x);
1445  __result |= __y;
1446  return __result;
1447  }
1448 
1449  template <size_t _Nb>
1450  inline bitset<_Nb>
1451  operator^(const bitset<_Nb>& __x, const bitset<_Nb>& __y) _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
1452  {
1453  bitset<_Nb> __result(__x);
1454  __result ^= __y;
1455  return __result;
1456  }
1457  //@}
1458 
1459  //@{
1460  /**
1461  * @brief Global I/O operators for bitsets.
1462  *
1463  * Direct I/O between streams and bitsets is supported. Output is
1464  * straightforward. Input will skip whitespace, only accept @a 0 and @a 1
1465  * characters, and will only extract as many digits as the %bitset will
1466  * hold.
1467  */
1468  template<class _CharT, class _Traits, size_t _Nb>
1469  std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>&
1470  operator>>(std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>& __is, bitset<_Nb>& __x)
1471  {
1472  typedef typename _Traits::char_type char_type;
1473  typedef std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits> __istream_type;
1474  typedef typename __istream_type::ios_base __ios_base;
1475 
1476  std::basic_string<_CharT, _Traits> __tmp;
1477  __tmp.reserve(_Nb);
1478 
1479  // _GLIBCXX_RESOLVE_LIB_DEFECTS
1480  // 303. Bitset input operator underspecified
1481  const char_type __zero = __is.widen('0');
1482  const char_type __one = __is.widen('1');
1483 
1484  typename __ios_base::iostate __state = __ios_base::goodbit;
1485  typename __istream_type::sentry __sentry(__is);
1486  if (__sentry)
1487  {
1488  __try
1489  {
1490  for (size_t __i = _Nb; __i > 0; --__i)
1491  {
1492  static typename _Traits::int_type __eof = _Traits::eof();
1493 
1494  typename _Traits::int_type __c1 = __is.rdbuf()->sbumpc();
1495  if (_Traits::eq_int_type(__c1, __eof))
1496  {
1497  __state |= __ios_base::eofbit;
1498  break;
1499  }
1500  else
1501  {
1502  const char_type __c2 = _Traits::to_char_type(__c1);
1503  if (_Traits::eq(__c2, __zero))
1504  __tmp.push_back(__zero);
1505  else if (_Traits::eq(__c2, __one))
1506  __tmp.push_back(__one);
1507  else if (_Traits::
1508  eq_int_type(__is.rdbuf()->sputbackc(__c2),
1509  __eof))
1510  {
1511  __state |= __ios_base::failbit;
1512  break;
1513  }
1514  }
1515  }
1516  }
1517  __catch(__cxxabiv1::__forced_unwind&)
1518  {
1519  __is._M_setstate(__ios_base::badbit);
1520  __throw_exception_again;
1521  }
1522  __catch(...)
1523  { __is._M_setstate(__ios_base::badbit); }
1524  }
1525 
1526  if (__tmp.empty() && _Nb)
1527  __state |= __ios_base::failbit;
1528  else
1529  __x._M_copy_from_string(__tmp, static_cast<size_t>(0), _Nb,
1530  __zero, __one);
1531  if (__state)
1532  __is.setstate(__state);
1533  return __is;
1534  }
1535 
1536  template <class _CharT, class _Traits, size_t _Nb>
1537  std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>&
1538  operator<<(std::basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& __os,
1539  const bitset<_Nb>& __x)
1540  {
1541  std::basic_string<_CharT, _Traits> __tmp;
1542 
1543  // _GLIBCXX_RESOLVE_LIB_DEFECTS
1544  // 396. what are characters zero and one.
1545  const ctype<_CharT>& __ct = use_facet<ctype<_CharT> >(__os.getloc());
1546  __x._M_copy_to_string(__tmp, __ct.widen('0'), __ct.widen('1'));
1547  return __os << __tmp;
1548  }
1549  //@}
1550 
1551 _GLIBCXX_END_NAMESPACE_CONTAINER
1552 } // namespace std
1553 
1554 #undef _GLIBCXX_BITSET_WORDS
1555 #undef _GLIBCXX_BITSET_BITS_PER_WORD
1556 #undef _GLIBCXX_BITSET_BITS_PER_ULL
1557 
1558 #if __cplusplus >= 201103L
1559 
1560 namespace std _GLIBCXX_VISIBILITY(default)
1561 {
1562 _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
1563 
1564  // DR 1182.
1565  /// std::hash specialization for bitset.
1566  template<size_t _Nb>
1567  struct hash<_GLIBCXX_STD_C::bitset<_Nb>>
1568  : public __hash_base<size_t, _GLIBCXX_STD_C::bitset<_Nb>>
1569  {
1570  size_t
1571  operator()(const _GLIBCXX_STD_C::bitset<_Nb>& __b) const noexcept
1572  {
1573  const size_t __clength = (_Nb + __CHAR_BIT__ - 1) / __CHAR_BIT__;
1574  return std::_Hash_impl::hash(__b._M_getdata(), __clength);
1575  }
1576  };
1577 
1578  template<>
1579  struct hash<_GLIBCXX_STD_C::bitset<0>>
1580  : public __hash_base<size_t, _GLIBCXX_STD_C::bitset<0>>
1581  {
1582  size_t
1583  operator()(const _GLIBCXX_STD_C::bitset<0>&) const noexcept
1584  { return 0; }
1585  };
1586 
1587 _GLIBCXX_END_NAMESPACE_VERSION
1588 } // namespace
1589 
1590 #endif // C++11
1591 
1592 #ifdef _GLIBCXX_DEBUG
1593 # include <debug/bitset>
1594 #endif
1595 
1596 #ifdef _GLIBCXX_PROFILE
1597 # include <profile/bitset>
1598 #endif
1599 
1600 #endif /* _GLIBCXX_BITSET */