bits/hashtable.h

Go to the documentation of this file.

// hashtable.h header -*- C++ -*-
 
// Copyright (C) 2007-2020 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
//
// This file is part of the GNU ISO C++ Library.  This library is free
// software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
// terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
// Free Software Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option)
// any later version.
 
// This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
// GNU General Public License for more details.
 
// Under Section 7 of GPL version 3, you are granted additional
// permissions described in the GCC Runtime Library Exception, version
// 3.1, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
 
// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License and
// a copy of the GCC Runtime Library Exception along with this program;
// see the files COPYING3 and COPYING.RUNTIME respectively.  If not, see
// <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 
/** @file bits/hashtable.h
 *  This is an internal header file, included by other library headers.
 *  Do not attempt to use it directly. @headername{unordered_map, unordered_set}
 */
 
#ifndef _HASHTABLE_H
#define _HASHTABLE_H 1
 
#pragma GCC system_header
 
#include <bits/hashtable_policy.h>
#include <bits/enable_special_members.h>
#if __cplusplus > 201402L
# include <bits/node_handle.h>
#endif
 
namespace std _GLIBCXX_VISIBILITY(default)
{
_GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
 
  template<typename _Tp, typename _Hash>
    using __cache_default
      =  __not_<__and_<// Do not cache for fast hasher.
                       __is_fast_hash<_Hash>,
                       // Mandatory to have erase not throwing.
                       __is_nothrow_invocable<const _Hash&, const _Tp&>>>;
 
  // Helper to conditionally delete the default constructor.
  // The _Hash_node_base type is used to distinguish this specialization
  // from any other potentially-overlapping subobjects of the hashtable.
  template<typename _Equal, typename _Hash, typename _Allocator>
    using _Hashtable_enable_default_ctor
      = _Enable_default_constructor<__and_<is_default_constructible<_Equal>,
                                       is_default_constructible<_Hash>,
                                       is_default_constructible<_Allocator>>{},
                                    __detail::_Hash_node_base>;
 
  /**
   *  Primary class template _Hashtable.
   *
   *  @ingroup hashtable-detail
   *
   *  @tparam _Value  CopyConstructible type.
   *
   *  @tparam _Key    CopyConstructible type.
   *
   *  @tparam _Alloc  An allocator type
   *  ([lib.allocator.requirements]) whose _Alloc::value_type is
   *  _Value.  As a conforming extension, we allow for
   *  _Alloc::value_type != _Value.
   *
   *  @tparam _ExtractKey  Function object that takes an object of type
   *  _Value and returns a value of type _Key.
   *
   *  @tparam _Equal  Function object that takes two objects of type k
   *  and returns a bool-like value that is true if the two objects
   *  are considered equal.
   *
   *  @tparam _H1  The hash function. A unary function object with
   *  argument type _Key and result type size_t. Return values should
   *  be distributed over the entire range [0, numeric_limits<size_t>:::max()].
   *
   *  @tparam _H2  The range-hashing function (in the terminology of
   *  Tavori and Dreizin).  A binary function object whose argument
   *  types and result type are all size_t.  Given arguments r and N,
   *  the return value is in the range [0, N).
   *
   *  @tparam _Hash  The ranged hash function (Tavori and Dreizin). A
   *  binary function whose argument types are _Key and size_t and
   *  whose result type is size_t.  Given arguments k and N, the
   *  return value is in the range [0, N).  Default: hash(k, N) =
   *  h2(h1(k), N).  If _Hash is anything other than the default, _H1
   *  and _H2 are ignored.
   *
   *  @tparam _RehashPolicy  Policy class with three members, all of
   *  which govern the bucket count. _M_next_bkt(n) returns a bucket
   *  count no smaller than n.  _M_bkt_for_elements(n) returns a
   *  bucket count appropriate for an element count of n.
   *  _M_need_rehash(n_bkt, n_elt, n_ins) determines whether, if the
   *  current bucket count is n_bkt and the current element count is
   *  n_elt, we need to increase the bucket count.  If so, returns
   *  make_pair(true, n), where n is the new bucket count.  If not,
   *  returns make_pair(false, <anything>)
   *
   *  @tparam _Traits  Compile-time class with three boolean
   *  std::integral_constant members:  __cache_hash_code, __constant_iterators,
   *   __unique_keys.
   *
   *  Each _Hashtable data structure has:
   *
   *  - _Bucket[]       _M_buckets
   *  - _Hash_node_base _M_before_begin
   *  - size_type       _M_bucket_count
   *  - size_type       _M_element_count
   *
   *  with _Bucket being _Hash_node* and _Hash_node containing:
   *
   *  - _Hash_node*   _M_next
   *  - Tp            _M_value
   *  - size_t        _M_hash_code if cache_hash_code is true
   *
   *  In terms of Standard containers the hashtable is like the aggregation of:
   *
   *  - std::forward_list<_Node> containing the elements
   *  - std::vector<std::forward_list<_Node>::iterator> representing the buckets
   *
   *  The non-empty buckets contain the node before the first node in the
   *  bucket. This design makes it possible to implement something like a
   *  std::forward_list::insert_after on container insertion and
   *  std::forward_list::erase_after on container erase
   *  calls. _M_before_begin is equivalent to
   *  std::forward_list::before_begin. Empty buckets contain
   *  nullptr.  Note that one of the non-empty buckets contains
   *  &_M_before_begin which is not a dereferenceable node so the
   *  node pointer in a bucket shall never be dereferenced, only its
   *  next node can be.
   *
   *  Walking through a bucket's nodes requires a check on the hash code to
   *  see if each node is still in the bucket. Such a design assumes a
   *  quite efficient hash functor and is one of the reasons it is
   *  highly advisable to set __cache_hash_code to true.
   *
   *  The container iterators are simply built from nodes. This way
   *  incrementing the iterator is perfectly efficient independent of
   *  how many empty buckets there are in the container.
   *
   *  On insert we compute the element's hash code and use it to find the
   *  bucket index. If the element must be inserted in an empty bucket
   *  we add it at the beginning of the singly linked list and make the
   *  bucket point to _M_before_begin. The bucket that used to point to
   *  _M_before_begin, if any, is updated to point to its new before
   *  begin node.
   *
   *  On erase, the simple iterator design requires using the hash
   *  functor to get the index of the bucket to update. For this
   *  reason, when __cache_hash_code is set to false the hash functor must
   *  not throw and this is enforced by a static assertion.
   *
   *  Functionality is implemented by decomposition into base classes,
   *  where the derived _Hashtable class is used in _Map_base,
   *  _Insert, _Rehash_base, and _Equality base classes to access the
   *  "this" pointer. _Hashtable_base is used in the base classes as a
   *  non-recursive, fully-completed-type so that detailed nested type
   *  information, such as iterator type and node type, can be
   *  used. This is similar to the "Curiously Recurring Template
   *  Pattern" (CRTP) technique, but uses a reconstructed, not
   *  explicitly passed, template pattern.
   *
   *  Base class templates are: 
   *    - __detail::_Hashtable_base
   *    - __detail::_Map_base
   *    - __detail::_Insert
   *    - __detail::_Rehash_base
   *    - __detail::_Equality
   */
  template<typename _Key, typename _Value, typename _Alloc,
           typename _ExtractKey, typename _Equal,
           typename _H1, typename _H2, typename _Hash,
           typename _RehashPolicy, typename _Traits>
    class _Hashtable
    : public __detail::_Hashtable_base<_Key, _Value, _ExtractKey, _Equal,
                                       _H1, _H2, _Hash, _Traits>,
      public __detail::_Map_base<_Key, _Value, _Alloc, _ExtractKey, _Equal,
                                 _H1, _H2, _Hash, _RehashPolicy, _Traits>,
      public __detail::_Insert<_Key, _Value, _Alloc, _ExtractKey, _Equal,
                               _H1, _H2, _Hash, _RehashPolicy, _Traits>,
      public __detail::_Rehash_base<_Key, _Value, _Alloc, _ExtractKey, _Equal,
                                    _H1, _H2, _Hash, _RehashPolicy, _Traits>,
      public __detail::_Equality<_Key, _Value, _Alloc, _ExtractKey, _Equal,
                                 _H1, _H2, _Hash, _RehashPolicy, _Traits>,
      private __detail::_Hashtable_alloc<
        __alloc_rebind<_Alloc,
                       __detail::_Hash_node<_Value,
                                            _Traits::__hash_cached::value>>>,
      private _Hashtable_enable_default_ctor<_Equal, _H1, _Alloc>
    {
      static_assert(is_same<typename remove_cv<_Value>::type, _Value>::value,
          "unordered container must have a non-const, non-volatile value_type");
#if __cplusplus > 201703L || defined __STRICT_ANSI__
      static_assert(is_same<typename _Alloc::value_type, _Value>{},
          "unordered container must have the same value_type as its allocator");
#endif
 
      using __traits_type = _Traits;
      using __hash_cached = typename __traits_type::__hash_cached;
      using __node_type = __detail::_Hash_node<_Value, __hash_cached::value>;
      using __node_alloc_type = __alloc_rebind<_Alloc, __node_type>;
 
      using __hashtable_alloc = __detail::_Hashtable_alloc<__node_alloc_type>;
 
      using __value_alloc_traits =
        typename __hashtable_alloc::__value_alloc_traits;
      using __node_alloc_traits =
        typename __hashtable_alloc::__node_alloc_traits;
      using __node_base = typename __hashtable_alloc::__node_base;
      using __bucket_type = typename __hashtable_alloc::__bucket_type;
      using __enable_default_ctor
        = _Hashtable_enable_default_ctor<_Equal, _H1, _Alloc>;
 
    public:
      typedef _Key                                              key_type;
      typedef _Value                                            value_type;
      typedef _Alloc                                            allocator_type;
      typedef _Equal                                            key_equal;
 
      // mapped_type, if present, comes from _Map_base.
      // hasher, if present, comes from _Hash_code_base/_Hashtable_base.
      typedef typename __value_alloc_traits::pointer            pointer;
      typedef typename __value_alloc_traits::const_pointer      const_pointer;
      typedef value_type&                                       reference;
      typedef const value_type&                                 const_reference;
 
    private:
      using __rehash_type = _RehashPolicy;
      using __rehash_state = typename __rehash_type::_State;
 
      using __constant_iterators = typename __traits_type::__constant_iterators;
      using __unique_keys = typename __traits_type::__unique_keys;
 
      using __key_extract = typename std::conditional<
                                             __constant_iterators::value,
                                             __detail::_Identity,
                                             __detail::_Select1st>::type;
 
      using __hashtable_base = __detail::
                               _Hashtable_base<_Key, _Value, _ExtractKey,
                                              _Equal, _H1, _H2, _Hash, _Traits>;
 
      using __hash_code_base =  typename __hashtable_base::__hash_code_base;
      using __hash_code =  typename __hashtable_base::__hash_code;
      using __ireturn_type = typename __hashtable_base::__ireturn_type;
 
      using __map_base = __detail::_Map_base<_Key, _Value, _Alloc, _ExtractKey,
                                             _Equal, _H1, _H2, _Hash,
                                             _RehashPolicy, _Traits>;
 
      using __rehash_base = __detail::_Rehash_base<_Key, _Value, _Alloc,
                                                   _ExtractKey, _Equal,
                                                   _H1, _H2, _Hash,
                                                   _RehashPolicy, _Traits>;
 
      using __eq_base = __detail::_Equality<_Key, _Value, _Alloc, _ExtractKey,
                                            _Equal, _H1, _H2, _Hash,
                                            _RehashPolicy, _Traits>;
 
      using __reuse_or_alloc_node_gen_t =
        __detail::_ReuseOrAllocNode<__node_alloc_type>;
      using __alloc_node_gen_t =
        __detail::_AllocNode<__node_alloc_type>;
 
      // Simple RAII type for managing a node containing an element
      struct _Scoped_node
      {
        // Take ownership of a node with a constructed element.
        _Scoped_node(__node_type* __n, __hashtable_alloc* __h)
        : _M_h(__h), _M_node(__n) { }
 
        // Allocate a node and construct an element within it.
        template<typename... _Args>
          _Scoped_node(__hashtable_alloc* __h, _Args&&... __args)
          : _M_h(__h),
            _M_node(__h->_M_allocate_node(std::forward<_Args>(__args)...))
          { }
 
        // Destroy element and deallocate node.
        ~_Scoped_node() { if (_M_node) _M_h->_M_deallocate_node(_M_node); };
 
        _Scoped_node(const _Scoped_node&) = delete;
        _Scoped_node& operator=(const _Scoped_node&) = delete;
 
        __hashtable_alloc* _M_h;
        __node_type* _M_node;
      };
 
      template<typename _Ht>
        static constexpr
        typename conditional<std::is_lvalue_reference<_Ht>::value,
                             const value_type&, value_type&&>::type
        __fwd_value_for(value_type& __val) noexcept
        { return std::move(__val); }
 
      // Metaprogramming for picking apart hash caching.
      template<typename _Cond>
        using __if_hash_cached = __or_<__not_<__hash_cached>, _Cond>;
 
      template<typename _Cond>
        using __if_hash_not_cached = __or_<__hash_cached, _Cond>;
 
      // Compile-time diagnostics.
 
      // _Hash_code_base has everything protected, so use this derived type to
      // access it.
      struct __hash_code_base_access : __hash_code_base
      { using __hash_code_base::_M_bucket_index; };
 
      // Getting a bucket index from a node shall not throw because it is used
      // in methods (erase, swap...) that shall not throw.
      static_assert(noexcept(declval<const __hash_code_base_access&>()
                             ._M_bucket_index((const __node_type*)nullptr,
                                              (std::size_t)0)),
                    "Cache the hash code or qualify your functors involved"
                    " in hash code and bucket index computation with noexcept");
 
      // When hash codes are cached local iterator inherits from H2 functor
      // which must then be default constructible.
      static_assert(__if_hash_cached<is_default_constructible<_H2>>::value,
                    "Functor used to map hash code to bucket index"
                    " must be default constructible");
 
      template<typename _Keya, typename _Valuea, typename _Alloca,
               typename _ExtractKeya, typename _Equala,
               typename _H1a, typename _H2a, typename _Hasha,
               typename _RehashPolicya, typename _Traitsa,
               bool _Unique_keysa>
        friend struct __detail::_Map_base;
 
      template<typename _Keya, typename _Valuea, typename _Alloca,
               typename _ExtractKeya, typename _Equala,
               typename _H1a, typename _H2a, typename _Hasha,
               typename _RehashPolicya, typename _Traitsa>
        friend struct __detail::_Insert_base;
 
      template<typename _Keya, typename _Valuea, typename _Alloca,
               typename _ExtractKeya, typename _Equala,
               typename _H1a, typename _H2a, typename _Hasha,
               typename _RehashPolicya, typename _Traitsa,
               bool _Constant_iteratorsa>
        friend struct __detail::_Insert;
 
      template<typename _Keya, typename _Valuea, typename _Alloca,
               typename _ExtractKeya, typename _Equala,
               typename _H1a, typename _H2a, typename _Hasha,
               typename _RehashPolicya, typename _Traitsa,
               bool _Unique_keysa>
        friend struct __detail::_Equality;
 
    public:
      using size_type = typename __hashtable_base::size_type;
      using difference_type = typename __hashtable_base::difference_type;
 
      using iterator = typename __hashtable_base::iterator;
      using const_iterator = typename __hashtable_base::const_iterator;
 
      using local_iterator = typename __hashtable_base::local_iterator;
      using const_local_iterator = typename __hashtable_base::
                                   const_local_iterator;
 
#if __cplusplus > 201402L
      using node_type = _Node_handle<_Key, _Value, __node_alloc_type>;
      using insert_return_type = _Node_insert_return<iterator, node_type>;
#endif
 
    private:
      __bucket_type*            _M_buckets              = &_M_single_bucket;
      size_type                 _M_bucket_count         = 1;
      __node_base               _M_before_begin;
      size_type                 _M_element_count        = 0;
      _RehashPolicy             _M_rehash_policy;
 
      // A single bucket used when only need for 1 bucket. Especially
      // interesting in move semantic to leave hashtable with only 1 bucket
      // which is not allocated so that we can have those operations noexcept
      // qualified.
      // Note that we can't leave hashtable with 0 bucket without adding
      // numerous checks in the code to avoid 0 modulus.
      __bucket_type             _M_single_bucket        = nullptr;
 
      bool
      _M_uses_single_bucket(__bucket_type* __bkts) const
      { return __builtin_expect(__bkts == &_M_single_bucket, false); }
 
      bool
      _M_uses_single_bucket() const
      { return _M_uses_single_bucket(_M_buckets); }
 
      __hashtable_alloc&
      _M_base_alloc() { return *this; }
 
      __bucket_type*
      _M_allocate_buckets(size_type __bkt_count)
      {
        if (__builtin_expect(__bkt_count == 1, false))
          {
            _M_single_bucket = nullptr;
            return &_M_single_bucket;
          }
 
        return __hashtable_alloc::_M_allocate_buckets(__bkt_count);
      }
 
      void
      _M_deallocate_buckets(__bucket_type* __bkts, size_type __bkt_count)
      {
        if (_M_uses_single_bucket(__bkts))
          return;
 
        __hashtable_alloc::_M_deallocate_buckets(__bkts, __bkt_count);
      }
 
      void
      _M_deallocate_buckets()
      { _M_deallocate_buckets(_M_buckets, _M_bucket_count); }
 
      // Gets bucket begin, deals with the fact that non-empty buckets contain
      // their before begin node.
      __node_type*
      _M_bucket_begin(size_type __bkt) const;
 
      __node_type*
      _M_begin() const
      { return static_cast<__node_type*>(_M_before_begin._M_nxt); }
 
      // Assign *this using another _Hashtable instance. Whether elements
      // are copied or moved depends on the _Ht reference.
      template<typename _Ht>
        void
        _M_assign_elements(_Ht&&);
 
      template<typename _Ht, typename _NodeGenerator>
        void
        _M_assign(_Ht&&, const _NodeGenerator&);
 
      void
      _M_move_assign(_Hashtable&&, true_type);
 
      void
      _M_move_assign(_Hashtable&&, false_type);
 
      void
      _M_reset() noexcept;
 
      _Hashtable(const _H1& __h1, const _H2& __h2, const _Hash& __h,
                 const _Equal& __eq, const _ExtractKey& __exk,
                 const allocator_type& __a)
      : __hashtable_base(__exk, __h1, __h2, __h, __eq),
        __hashtable_alloc(__node_alloc_type(__a)),
        __enable_default_ctor(_Enable_default_constructor_tag{})
      { }
 
      template<bool _No_realloc = true>
        static constexpr bool
        _S_nothrow_move()
        {
#if __cplusplus <= 201402L
          return __and_<__bool_constant<_No_realloc>,
                        is_nothrow_copy_constructible<_H1>,
                        is_nothrow_copy_constructible<_Equal>>::value;
#else
          if constexpr (_No_realloc)
            if constexpr (is_nothrow_copy_constructible<_H1>())
              return is_nothrow_copy_constructible<_Equal>();
          return false;
#endif
        }
 
      _Hashtable(_Hashtable&& __ht, __node_alloc_type&& __a,
                 true_type /* alloc always equal */)
        noexcept(_S_nothrow_move());
 
      _Hashtable(_Hashtable&&, __node_alloc_type&&,
                 false_type /* alloc always equal */);
 
 
    public:
      // Constructor, destructor, assignment, swap
      _Hashtable() = default;
      _Hashtable(size_type __bkt_count_hint,
                 const _H1&, const _H2&, const _Hash&,
                 const _Equal&, const _ExtractKey&,
                 const allocator_type&);
 
      template<typename _InputIterator>
        _Hashtable(_InputIterator __first, _InputIterator __last,
                   size_type __bkt_count_hint,
                   const _H1&, const _H2&, const _Hash&,
                   const _Equal&, const _ExtractKey&,
                   const allocator_type&);
 
      _Hashtable(const _Hashtable&);
 
      _Hashtable(_Hashtable&& __ht)
        noexcept(_S_nothrow_move())
      : _Hashtable(std::move(__ht), std::move(__ht._M_node_allocator()),
                   true_type{})
      { }
 
      _Hashtable(const _Hashtable&, const allocator_type&);
 
      _Hashtable(_Hashtable&& __ht, const allocator_type& __a)
        noexcept(_S_nothrow_move<__node_alloc_traits::_S_always_equal()>())
      : _Hashtable(std::move(__ht), __node_alloc_type(__a),
                   typename __node_alloc_traits::is_always_equal{})
      { }
 
      // Use delegating constructors.
      explicit
      _Hashtable(const allocator_type& __a)
      : __hashtable_alloc(__node_alloc_type(__a)),
        __enable_default_ctor(_Enable_default_constructor_tag{})
      { }
 
      explicit
      _Hashtable(size_type __bkt_count_hint,
                 const _H1& __hf = _H1(),
                 const key_equal& __eql = key_equal(),
                 const allocator_type& __a = allocator_type())
      : _Hashtable(__bkt_count_hint, __hf, _H2(), _Hash(), __eql,
                   __key_extract(), __a)
      { }
 
      template<typename _InputIterator>
        _Hashtable(_InputIterator __f, _InputIterator __l,
                   size_type __bkt_count_hint = 0,
                   const _H1& __hf = _H1(),
                   const key_equal& __eql = key_equal(),
                   const allocator_type& __a = allocator_type())
        : _Hashtable(__f, __l, __bkt_count_hint, __hf, _H2(), _Hash(), __eql,
                     __key_extract(), __a)
        { }
 
      _Hashtable(initializer_list<value_type> __l,
                 size_type __bkt_count_hint = 0,
                 const _H1& __hf = _H1(),
                 const key_equal& __eql = key_equal(),
                 const allocator_type& __a = allocator_type())
      : _Hashtable(__l.begin(), __l.end(), __bkt_count_hint,
                   __hf, _H2(), _Hash(), __eql,
                   __key_extract(), __a)
      { }
 
      _Hashtable&
      operator=(const _Hashtable& __ht);
 
      _Hashtable&
      operator=(_Hashtable&& __ht)
      noexcept(__node_alloc_traits::_S_nothrow_move()
               && is_nothrow_move_assignable<_H1>::value
               && is_nothrow_move_assignable<_Equal>::value)
      {
        constexpr bool __move_storage =
          __node_alloc_traits::_S_propagate_on_move_assign()
          || __node_alloc_traits::_S_always_equal();
        _M_move_assign(std::move(__ht), __bool_constant<__move_storage>());
        return *this;
      }
 
      _Hashtable&
      operator=(initializer_list<value_type> __l)
      {
        __reuse_or_alloc_node_gen_t __roan(_M_begin(), *this);
        _M_before_begin._M_nxt = nullptr;
        clear();
        this->_M_insert_range(__l.begin(), __l.end(), __roan, __unique_keys());
        return *this;
      }
 
      ~_Hashtable() noexcept;
 
      void
      swap(_Hashtable&)
      noexcept(__and_<__is_nothrow_swappable<_H1>,
                          __is_nothrow_swappable<_Equal>>::value);
 
      // Basic container operations
      iterator
      begin() noexcept
      { return iterator(_M_begin()); }
 
      const_iterator
      begin() const noexcept
      { return const_iterator(_M_begin()); }
 
      iterator
      end() noexcept
      { return iterator(nullptr); }
 
      const_iterator
      end() const noexcept
      { return const_iterator(nullptr); }
 
      const_iterator
      cbegin() const noexcept
      { return const_iterator(_M_begin()); }
 
      const_iterator
      cend() const noexcept
      { return const_iterator(nullptr); }
 
      size_type
      size() const noexcept
      { return _M_element_count; }
 
      _GLIBCXX_NODISCARD bool
      empty() const noexcept
      { return size() == 0; }
 
      allocator_type
      get_allocator() const noexcept
      { return allocator_type(this->_M_node_allocator()); }
 
      size_type
      max_size() const noexcept
      { return __node_alloc_traits::max_size(this->_M_node_allocator()); }
 
      // Observers
      key_equal
      key_eq() const
      { return this->_M_eq(); }
 
      // hash_function, if present, comes from _Hash_code_base.
 
      // Bucket operations
      size_type
      bucket_count() const noexcept
      { return _M_bucket_count; }
 
      size_type
      max_bucket_count() const noexcept
      { return max_size(); }
 
      size_type
      bucket_size(size_type __bkt) const
      { return std::distance(begin(__bkt), end(__bkt)); }
 
      size_type
      bucket(const key_type& __k) const
      { return _M_bucket_index(__k, this->_M_hash_code(__k)); }
 
      local_iterator
      begin(size_type __bkt)
      {
        return local_iterator(*this, _M_bucket_begin(__bkt),
                              __bkt, _M_bucket_count);
      }
 
      local_iterator
      end(size_type __bkt)
      { return local_iterator(*this, nullptr, __bkt, _M_bucket_count); }
 
      const_local_iterator
      begin(size_type __bkt) const
      {
        return const_local_iterator(*this, _M_bucket_begin(__bkt),
                                    __bkt, _M_bucket_count);
      }
 
      const_local_iterator
      end(size_type __bkt) const
      { return const_local_iterator(*this, nullptr, __bkt, _M_bucket_count); }
 
      // DR 691.
      const_local_iterator
      cbegin(size_type __bkt) const
      {
        return const_local_iterator(*this, _M_bucket_begin(__bkt),
                                    __bkt, _M_bucket_count);
      }
 
      const_local_iterator
      cend(size_type __bkt) const
      { return const_local_iterator(*this, nullptr, __bkt, _M_bucket_count); }
 
      float
      load_factor() const noexcept
      {
        return static_cast<float>(size()) / static_cast<float>(bucket_count());
      }
 
      // max_load_factor, if present, comes from _Rehash_base.
 
      // Generalization of max_load_factor.  Extension, not found in
      // TR1.  Only useful if _RehashPolicy is something other than
      // the default.
      const _RehashPolicy&
      __rehash_policy() const
      { return _M_rehash_policy; }
 
      void
      __rehash_policy(const _RehashPolicy& __pol)
      { _M_rehash_policy = __pol; }
 
      // Lookup.
      iterator
      find(const key_type& __k);
 
      const_iterator
      find(const key_type& __k) const;
 
      size_type
      count(const key_type& __k) const;
 
      std::pair<iterator, iterator>
      equal_range(const key_type& __k);
 
      std::pair<const_iterator, const_iterator>
      equal_range(const key_type& __k) const;
 
    protected:
      // Bucket index computation helpers.
      size_type
      _M_bucket_index(__node_type* __n) const noexcept
      { return __hash_code_base::_M_bucket_index(__n, _M_bucket_count); }
 
      size_type
      _M_bucket_index(const key_type& __k, __hash_code __c) const
      { return __hash_code_base::_M_bucket_index(__k, __c, _M_bucket_count); }
 
      // Find and insert helper functions and types
      // Find the node before the one matching the criteria.
      __node_base*
      _M_find_before_node(size_type, const key_type&, __hash_code) const;
 
      __node_type*
      _M_find_node(size_type __bkt, const key_type& __key,
                   __hash_code __c) const
      {
        __node_base* __before_n = _M_find_before_node(__bkt, __key, __c);
        if (__before_n)
          return static_cast<__node_type*>(__before_n->_M_nxt);
        return nullptr;
      }
 
      // Insert a node at the beginning of a bucket.
      void
      _M_insert_bucket_begin(size_type, __node_type*);
 
      // Remove the bucket first node
      void
      _M_remove_bucket_begin(size_type __bkt, __node_type* __next_n,
                             size_type __next_bkt);
 
      // Get the node before __n in the bucket __bkt
      __node_base*
      _M_get_previous_node(size_type __bkt, __node_base* __n);
 
      // Insert node __n with key __k and hash code __code, in bucket __bkt
      // if no rehash (assumes no element with same key already present).
      // Takes ownership of __n if insertion succeeds, throws otherwise.
      iterator
      _M_insert_unique_node(const key_type& __k, size_type __bkt,
                            __hash_code __code, __node_type* __n,
                            size_type __n_elt = 1);
 
      // Insert node __n with key __k and hash code __code.
      // Takes ownership of __n if insertion succeeds, throws otherwise.
      iterator
      _M_insert_multi_node(__node_type* __hint, const key_type& __k,
                           __hash_code __code, __node_type* __n);
 
      template<typename... _Args>
        std::pair<iterator, bool>
        _M_emplace(true_type, _Args&&... __args);
 
      template<typename... _Args>
        iterator
        _M_emplace(false_type __uk, _Args&&... __args)
        { return _M_emplace(cend(), __uk, std::forward<_Args>(__args)...); }
 
      // Emplace with hint, useless when keys are unique.
      template<typename... _Args>
        iterator
        _M_emplace(const_iterator, true_type __uk, _Args&&... __args)
        { return _M_emplace(__uk, std::forward<_Args>(__args)...).first; }
 
      template<typename... _Args>
        iterator
        _M_emplace(const_iterator, false_type, _Args&&... __args);
 
      template<typename _Arg, typename _NodeGenerator>
        std::pair<iterator, bool>
        _M_insert(_Arg&&, const _NodeGenerator&, true_type, size_type = 1);
 
      template<typename _Arg, typename _NodeGenerator>
        iterator
        _M_insert(_Arg&& __arg, const _NodeGenerator& __node_gen,
                  false_type __uk)
        {
          return _M_insert(cend(), std::forward<_Arg>(__arg), __node_gen,
                           __uk);
        }
 
      // Insert with hint, not used when keys are unique.
      template<typename _Arg, typename _NodeGenerator>
        iterator
        _M_insert(const_iterator, _Arg&& __arg,
                  const _NodeGenerator& __node_gen, true_type __uk)
        {
          return
            _M_insert(std::forward<_Arg>(__arg), __node_gen, __uk).first;
        }
 
      // Insert with hint when keys are not unique.
      template<typename _Arg, typename _NodeGenerator>
        iterator
        _M_insert(const_iterator, _Arg&&,
                  const _NodeGenerator&, false_type);
 
      size_type
      _M_erase(true_type, const key_type&);
 
      size_type
      _M_erase(false_type, const key_type&);
 
      iterator
      _M_erase(size_type __bkt, __node_base* __prev_n, __node_type* __n);
 
    public:
      // Emplace
      template<typename... _Args>
        __ireturn_type
        emplace(_Args&&... __args)
        { return _M_emplace(__unique_keys(), std::forward<_Args>(__args)...); }
 
      template<typename... _Args>
        iterator
        emplace_hint(const_iterator __hint, _Args&&... __args)
        {
          return _M_emplace(__hint, __unique_keys(),
                            std::forward<_Args>(__args)...);
        }
 
      // Insert member functions via inheritance.
 
      // Erase
      iterator
      erase(const_iterator);
 
      // LWG 2059.
      iterator
      erase(iterator __it)
      { return erase(const_iterator(__it)); }
 
      size_type
      erase(const key_type& __k)
      { return _M_erase(__unique_keys(), __k); }
 
      iterator
      erase(const_iterator, const_iterator);
 
      void
      clear() noexcept;
 
      // Set number of buckets keeping it appropriate for container's number
      // of elements.
      void rehash(size_type __bkt_count);
 
      // DR 1189.
      // reserve, if present, comes from _Rehash_base.
 
#if __cplusplus > 201402L
      /// Re-insert an extracted node into a container with unique keys.
      insert_return_type
      _M_reinsert_node(node_type&& __nh)
      {
        insert_return_type __ret;
        if (__nh.empty())
          __ret.position = end();
        else
          {
            __glibcxx_assert(get_allocator() == __nh.get_allocator());
 
            const key_type& __k = __nh._M_key();
            __hash_code __code = this->_M_hash_code(__k);
            size_type __bkt = _M_bucket_index(__k, __code);
            if (__node_type* __n = _M_find_node(__bkt, __k, __code))
              {
                __ret.node = std::move(__nh);
                __ret.position = iterator(__n);
                __ret.inserted = false;
              }
            else
              {
                __ret.position
                  = _M_insert_unique_node(__k, __bkt, __code, __nh._M_ptr);
                __nh._M_ptr = nullptr;
                __ret.inserted = true;
              }
          }
        return __ret;
      }
 
      /// Re-insert an extracted node into a container with equivalent keys.
      iterator
      _M_reinsert_node_multi(const_iterator __hint, node_type&& __nh)
      {
        if (__nh.empty())
          return end();
 
        __glibcxx_assert(get_allocator() == __nh.get_allocator());
 
        const key_type& __k = __nh._M_key();
        auto __code = this->_M_hash_code(__k);
        auto __ret
          = _M_insert_multi_node(__hint._M_cur, __k, __code, __nh._M_ptr);
        __nh._M_ptr = nullptr;
        return __ret;
      }
 
    private:
      node_type
      _M_extract_node(size_t __bkt, __node_base* __prev_n)
      {
        __node_type* __n = static_cast<__node_type*>(__prev_n->_M_nxt);
        if (__prev_n == _M_buckets[__bkt])
          _M_remove_bucket_begin(__bkt, __n->_M_next(),
             __n->_M_nxt ? _M_bucket_index(__n->_M_next()) : 0);
        else if (__n->_M_nxt)
          {
            size_type __next_bkt = _M_bucket_index(__n->_M_next());
            if (__next_bkt != __bkt)
              _M_buckets[__next_bkt] = __prev_n;
          }
 
        __prev_n->_M_nxt = __n->_M_nxt;
        __n->_M_nxt = nullptr;
        --_M_element_count;
        return { __n, this->_M_node_allocator() };
      }
 
    public:
      // Extract a node.
      node_type
      extract(const_iterator __pos)
      {
        size_t __bkt = _M_bucket_index(__pos._M_cur);
        return _M_extract_node(__bkt,
                               _M_get_previous_node(__bkt, __pos._M_cur));
      }
 
      /// Extract a node.
      node_type
      extract(const _Key& __k)
      {
        node_type __nh;
        __hash_code __code = this->_M_hash_code(__k);
        std::size_t __bkt = _M_bucket_index(__k, __code);
        if (__node_base* __prev_node = _M_find_before_node(__bkt, __k, __code))
          __nh = _M_extract_node(__bkt, __prev_node);
        return __nh;
      }
 
      /// Merge from a compatible container into one with unique keys.
      template<typename _Compatible_Hashtable>
        void
        _M_merge_unique(_Compatible_Hashtable& __src) noexcept
        {
          static_assert(is_same_v<typename _Compatible_Hashtable::node_type,
              node_type>, "Node types are compatible");
          __glibcxx_assert(get_allocator() == __src.get_allocator());
 
          auto __n_elt = __src.size();
          for (auto __i = __src.begin(), __end = __src.end(); __i != __end;)
            {
              auto __pos = __i++;
              const key_type& __k = this->_M_extract()(*__pos);
              __hash_code __code = this->_M_hash_code(__k);
              size_type __bkt = _M_bucket_index(__k, __code);
              if (_M_find_node(__bkt, __k, __code) == nullptr)
                {
                  auto __nh = __src.extract(__pos);
                  _M_insert_unique_node(__k, __bkt, __code, __nh._M_ptr,
                                        __n_elt);
                  __nh._M_ptr = nullptr;
                  __n_elt = 1;
                }
              else if (__n_elt != 1)
                --__n_elt;
            }
        }
 
      /// Merge from a compatible container into one with equivalent keys.
      template<typename _Compatible_Hashtable>
        void
        _M_merge_multi(_Compatible_Hashtable& __src) noexcept
        {
          static_assert(is_same_v<typename _Compatible_Hashtable::node_type,
              node_type>, "Node types are compatible");
          __glibcxx_assert(get_allocator() == __src.get_allocator());
 
          this->reserve(size() + __src.size());
          for (auto __i = __src.begin(), __end = __src.end(); __i != __end;)
            _M_reinsert_node_multi(cend(), __src.extract(__i++));
        }
#endif // C++17
 
    private:
      // Helper rehash method used when keys are unique.
      void _M_rehash_aux(size_type __bkt_count, true_type);
 
      // Helper rehash method used when keys can be non-unique.
      void _M_rehash_aux(size_type __bkt_count, false_type);
 
      // Unconditionally change size of bucket array to n, restore
      // hash policy state to __state on exception.
      void _M_rehash(size_type __bkt_count, const __rehash_state& __state);
    };
 
 
  // Definitions of class template _Hashtable's out-of-line member functions.
  template<typename _Key, typename _Value,
           typename _Alloc, typename _ExtractKey, typename _Equal,
           typename _H1, typename _H2, typename _Hash, typename _RehashPolicy,
           typename _Traits>
    auto
    _Hashtable<_Key, _Value, _Alloc, _ExtractKey, _Equal,
               _H1, _H2, _Hash, _RehashPolicy, _Traits>::
    _M_bucket_begin(size_type __bkt) const
    -> __node_type*
    {
      __node_base* __n = _M_buckets[__bkt];
      return __n ? static_cast<__node_type*>(__n->_M_nxt) : nullptr;
    }
 
  template<typename _Key, typename _Value,
           typename _Alloc, typename _ExtractKey, typename _Equal,
           typename _H1, typename _H2, typename _Hash, typename _RehashPolicy,
           typename _Traits>
    _Hashtable<_Key, _Value, _Alloc, _ExtractKey, _Equal,
               _H1, _H2, _Hash, _RehashPolicy, _Traits>::
    _Hashtable(size_type __bkt_count_hint,
               const _H1& __h1, const _H2& __h2, const _Hash& __h,
               const _Equal& __eq, const _ExtractKey& __exk,
               const allocator_type& __a)
    : _Hashtable(__h1, __h2, __h, __eq, __exk, __a)
    {
      auto __bkt_count = _M_rehash_policy._M_next_bkt(__bkt_count_hint);
      if (__bkt_count > _M_bucket_count)
        {
          _M_buckets = _M_allocate_buckets(__bkt_count);
          _M_bucket_count = __bkt_count;
        }
    }
 
  template<typename _Key, typename _Value,
           typename _Alloc, typename _ExtractKey, typename _Equal,
           typename _H1, typename _H2, typename _Hash, typename _RehashPolicy,
           typename _Traits>
    template<typename _InputIterator>
      _Hashtable<_Key, _Value, _Alloc, _ExtractKey, _Equal,
                 _H1, _H2, _Hash, _RehashPolicy, _Traits>::
      _Hashtable(_InputIterator __f, _InputIterator __l,
                 size_type __bkt_count_hint,
                 const _H1& __h1, const _H2& __h2, const _Hash& __h,
                 const _Equal& __eq, const _ExtractKey& __exk,
                 const allocator_type& __a)
      : _Hashtable(__h1, __h2, __h, __eq, __exk, __a)
      {
        auto __nb_elems = __detail::__distance_fw(__f, __l);
        auto __bkt_count =
          _M_rehash_policy._M_next_bkt(
            std::max(_M_rehash_policy._M_bkt_for_elements(__nb_elems),
                     __bkt_count_hint));
 
        if (__bkt_count > _M_bucket_count)
          {
            _M_buckets = _M_allocate_buckets(__bkt_count);
            _M_bucket_count = __bkt_count;
          }
 
        for (; __f != __l; ++__f)
          this->insert(*__f);
      }
 
  template<typename _Key, typename _Value,
           typename _Alloc, typename _ExtractKey, typename _Equal,
           typename _H1, typename _H2, typename _Hash, typename _RehashPolicy,
           typename _Traits>
    auto
    _Hashtable<_Key, _Value, _Alloc, _ExtractKey, _Equal,
               _H1, _H2, _Hash, _RehashPolicy, _Traits>::
    operator=(const _Hashtable& __ht)
    -> _Hashtable&
    {
      if (&__ht == this)
        return *this;
 
      if (__node_alloc_traits::_S_propagate_on_copy_assign())
        {
          auto& __this_alloc = this->_M_node_allocator();
          auto& __that_alloc = __ht._M_node_allocator();
          if (!__node_alloc_traits::_S_always_equal()
              && __this_alloc != __that_alloc)
            {
              // Replacement allocator cannot free existing storage.
              this->_M_deallocate_nodes(_M_begin());
              _M_before_begin._M_nxt = nullptr;
              _M_deallocate_buckets();
              _M_buckets = nullptr;
              std::__alloc_on_copy(__this_alloc, __that_alloc);
              __hashtable_base::operator=(__ht);
              _M_bucket_count = __ht._M_bucket_count;
              _M_element_count = __ht._M_element_count;
              _M_rehash_policy = __ht._M_rehash_policy;
              __alloc_node_gen_t __alloc_node_gen(*this);
              __try
                {
                  _M_assign(__ht, __alloc_node_gen);
                }
              __catch(...)
                {
                  // _M_assign took care of deallocating all memory. Now we
                  // must make sure this instance remains in a usable state.
                  _M_reset();
                  __throw_exception_again;
                }
              return *this;
            }
          std::__alloc_on_copy(__this_alloc, __that_alloc);
        }
 
      // Reuse allocated buckets and nodes.
      _M_assign_elements(__ht);
      return *this;
    }
 
  template<typename _Key, typename _Value,
           typename _Alloc, typename _ExtractKey, typename _Equal,
           typename _H1, typename _H2, typename _Hash, typename _RehashPolicy,
           typename _Traits>
    template<typename _Ht>
      void
      _Hashtable<_Key, _Value, _Alloc, _ExtractKey, _Equal,
                 _H1, _H2, _Hash, _RehashPolicy, _Traits>::
      _M_assign_elements(_Ht&& __ht)
      {
        __bucket_type* __former_buckets = nullptr;
        std::size_t __former_bucket_count = _M_bucket_count;
        const __rehash_state& __former_state = _M_rehash_policy._M_state();
 
        if (_M_bucket_count != __ht._M_bucket_count)
          {
            __former_buckets = _M_buckets;
            _M_buckets = _M_allocate_buckets(__ht._M_bucket_count);
            _M_bucket_count = __ht._M_bucket_count;
          }
        else
          __builtin_memset(_M_buckets, 0,
                           _M_bucket_count * sizeof(__bucket_type));
 
        __try
          {
            __hashtable_base::operator=(std::forward<_Ht>(__ht));
            _M_element_count = __ht._M_element_count;
            _M_rehash_policy = __ht._M_rehash_policy;
            __reuse_or_alloc_node_gen_t __roan(_M_begin(), *this);
            _M_before_begin._M_nxt = nullptr;
            _M_assign(std::forward<_Ht>(__ht), __roan);
            if (__former_buckets)
              _M_deallocate_buckets(__former_buckets, __former_bucket_count);
          }
        __catch(...)
          {
            if (__former_buckets)
              {
                // Restore previous buckets.
                _M_deallocate_buckets();
                _M_rehash_policy._M_reset(__former_state);
                _M_buckets = __former_buckets;
                _M_bucket_count = __former_bucket_count;
              }
            __builtin_memset(_M_buckets, 0,
                             _M_bucket_count * sizeof(__bucket_type));
            __throw_exception_again;
          }
      }
 
  template<typename _Key, typename _Value,
           typename _Alloc, typename _ExtractKey, typename _Equal,
           typename _H1, typename _H2, typename _Hash, typename _RehashPolicy,
           typename _Traits>
    template<typename _Ht, typename _NodeGenerator>
      void
      _Hashtable<_Key, _Value, _Alloc, _ExtractKey, _Equal,
                 _H1, _H2, _Hash, _RehashPolicy, _Traits>::
      _M_assign(_Ht&& __ht, const _NodeGenerator& __node_gen)
      {
        __bucket_type* __buckets = nullptr;
        if (!_M_buckets)
          _M_buckets = __buckets = _M_allocate_buckets(_M_bucket_count);
 
        __try
          {
            if (!__ht._M_before_begin._M_nxt)
              return;
 
            // First deal with the special first node pointed to by
            // _M_before_begin.
            __node_type* __ht_n = __ht._M_begin();
            __node_type* __this_n
              = __node_gen(__fwd_value_for<_Ht>(__ht_n->_M_v()));
            this->_M_copy_code(__this_n, __ht_n);
            _M_before_begin._M_nxt = __this_n;
            _M_buckets[_M_bucket_index(__this_n)] = &_M_before_begin;
 
            // Then deal with other nodes.
            __node_base* __prev_n = __this_n;
            for (__ht_n = __ht_n->_M_next(); __ht_n; __ht_n = __ht_n->_M_next())
              {
                __this_n = __node_gen(__fwd_value_for<_Ht>(__ht_n->_M_v()));
                __prev_n->_M_nxt = __this_n;
                this->_M_copy_code(__this_n, __ht_n);
                size_type __bkt = _M_bucket_index(__this_n);
                if (!_M_buckets[__bkt])
                  _M_buckets[__bkt] = __prev_n;
                __prev_n = __this_n;
              }
          }
        __catch(...)
          {
            clear();
            if (__buckets)
              _M_deallocate_buckets();
            __throw_exception_again;
          }
      }
 
  template<typename _Key, typename _Value,
           typename _Alloc, typename _ExtractKey, typename _Equal,
           typename _H1, typename _H2, typename _Hash, typename _RehashPolicy,
           typename _Traits>
    void
    _Hashtable<_Key, _Value, _Alloc, _ExtractKey, _Equal,
               _H1, _H2, _Hash, _RehashPolicy, _Traits>::
    _M_reset() noexcept
    {
      _M_rehash_policy._M_reset();
      _M_bucket_count = 1;
      _M_single_bucket = nullptr;
      _M_buckets = &_M_single_bucket;
      _M_before_begin._M_nxt = nullptr;
      _M_element_count = 0;
    }
 
  template<typename _Key, typename _Value,
           typename _Alloc, typename _ExtractKey, typename _Equal,
           typename _H1, typename _H2, typename _Hash, typename _RehashPolicy,
           typename _Traits>
    void
    _Hashtable<_Key, _Value, _Alloc, _ExtractKey, _Equal,
               _H1, _H2, _Hash, _RehashPolicy, _Traits>::
    _M_move_assign(_Hashtable&& __ht, true_type)
    {
      this->_M_deallocate_nodes(_M_begin());
      _M_deallocate_buckets();
      __hashtable_base::operator=(std::move(__ht));
      _M_rehash_policy = __ht._M_rehash_policy;
      if (!__ht._M_uses_single_bucket())
        _M_buckets = __ht._M_buckets;
      else
        {
          _M_buckets = &_M_single_bucket;
          _M_single_bucket = __ht._M_single_bucket;
        }
      _M_bucket_count = __ht._M_bucket_count;
      _M_before_begin._M_nxt = __ht._M_before_begin._M_nxt;
      _M_element_count = __ht._M_element_count;
      std::__alloc_on_move(this->_M_node_allocator(), __ht._M_node_allocator());
 
      // Fix buckets containing the _M_before_begin pointers that can't be
      // moved.
      if (_M_begin())
        _M_buckets[_M_bucket_index(_M_begin())] = &_M_before_begin;
      __ht._M_reset();
    }
 
  template<typename _Key, typename _Value,
           typename _Alloc, typename _ExtractKey, typename _Equal,
           typename _H1, typename _H2, typename _Hash, typename _RehashPolicy,
           typename _Traits>
    void
    _Hashtable<_Key, _Value, _Alloc, _ExtractKey, _Equal,
               _H1, _H2, _Hash, _RehashPolicy, _Traits>::
    _M_move_assign(_Hashtable&& __ht, false_type)
    {
      if (__ht._M_node_allocator() == this->_M_node_allocator())
        _M_move_assign(std::move(__ht), true_type());
      else
        {
          // Can't move memory, move elements then.
          _M_assign_elements(std::move(__ht));
          __ht.clear();
        }
    }
 
  template<typename _Key, typename _Value,
           typename _Alloc, typename _ExtractKey, typename _Equal,
           typename _H1, typename _H2, typename _Hash, typename _RehashPolicy,
           typename _Traits>
    _Hashtable<_Key, _Value, _Alloc, _ExtractKey, _Equal,
               _H1, _H2, _Hash, _RehashPolicy, _Traits>::
    _Hashtable(const _Hashtable& __ht)
    : __hashtable_base(__ht),
      __map_base(__ht),
      __rehash_base(__ht),
      __hashtable_alloc(
        __node_alloc_traits::_S_select_on_copy(__ht._M_node_allocator())),
      __enable_default_ctor(__ht),
      _M_buckets(nullptr),
      _M_bucket_count(__ht._M_bucket_count),
      _M_element_count(__ht._M_element_count),
      _M_rehash_policy(__ht._M_rehash_policy)
    {
      __alloc_node_gen_t __alloc_node_gen(*this);
      _M_assign(__ht, __alloc_node_gen);
    }
 
  template<typename _Key, typename _Value,
           typename _Alloc, typename _ExtractKey, typename _Equal,
           typename _H1, typename _H2, typename _Hash, typename _RehashPolicy,
           typename _Traits>
    _Hashtable<_Key, _Value, _Alloc, _ExtractKey, _Equal,
               _H1, _H2, _Hash, _RehashPolicy, _Traits>::
    _Hashtable(_Hashtable&& __ht, __node_alloc_type&& __a,
               true_type /* alloc always equal */)
    noexcept(_S_nothrow_move())
    : __hashtable_base(__ht),
      __map_base(__ht),
      __rehash_base(__ht),
      __hashtable_alloc(std::move(__a)),
      __enable_default_ctor(__ht),
      _M_buckets(__ht._M_buckets),
      _M_bucket_count(__ht._M_bucket_count),
      _M_before_begin(__ht._M_before_begin._M_nxt),
      _M_element_count(__ht._M_element_count),
      _M_rehash_policy(__ht._M_rehash_policy)
    {
      // Update buckets if __ht is using its single bucket.
      if (__ht._M_uses_single_bucket())
        {
          _M_buckets = &_M_single_bucket;
          _M_single_bucket = __ht._M_single_bucket;
        }
 
      // Update, if necessary, bucket pointing to before begin that hasn't
      // moved.
      if (_M_begin())
        _M_buckets[_M_bucket_index(_M_begin())] = &_M_before_begin;
 
      __ht._M_reset();
    }
 
  template<typename _Key, typename _Value,
           typename _Alloc, typename _ExtractKey, typename _Equal,
           typename _H1, typename _H2, typename _Hash, typename _RehashPolicy,
           typename _Traits>
    _Hashtable<_Key, _Value, _Alloc, _ExtractKey, _Equal,
               _H1, _H2, _Hash, _RehashPolicy, _Traits>::
    _Hashtable(const _Hashtable& __ht, const allocator_type& __a)
    : __hashtable_base(__ht),
      __map_base(__ht),
      __rehash_base(__ht),
      __hashtable_alloc(__node_alloc_type(__a)),
      __enable_default_ctor(__ht),
      _M_buckets(),
      _M_bucket_count(__ht._M_bucket_count),
      _M_element_count(__ht._M_element_count),
      _M_rehash_policy(__ht._M_rehash_policy)
    {
      __alloc_node_gen_t __alloc_node_gen(*this);
      _M_assign(__ht, __alloc_node_gen);
    }
 
  template<typename _Key, typename _Value,
           typename _Alloc, typename _ExtractKey, typename _Equal,
           typename _H1, typename _H2, typename _Hash, typename _RehashPolicy,
           typename _Traits>
    _Hashtable<_Key, _Value, _Alloc, _ExtractKey, _Equal,
               _H1, _H2, _Hash, _RehashPolicy, _Traits>::
    _Hashtable(_Hashtable&& __ht, __node_alloc_type&& __a,
               false_type /* alloc always equal */)
    : __hashtable_base(__ht),
      __map_base(__ht),
      __rehash_base(__ht),
      __hashtable_alloc(std::move(__a)),
      __enable_default_ctor(__ht),
      _M_buckets(nullptr),
      _M_bucket_count(__ht._M_bucket_count),
      _M_element_count(__ht._M_element_count),
      _M_rehash_policy(__ht._M_rehash_policy)
    {
      if (__ht._M_node_allocator() == this->_M_node_allocator())
        {
          if (__ht._M_uses_single_bucket())
            {
              _M_buckets = &_M_single_bucket;
              _M_single_bucket = __ht._M_single_bucket;
            }
          else
            _M_buckets = __ht._M_buckets;
 
          _M_before_begin._M_nxt = __ht._M_before_begin._M_nxt;
          // Update, if necessary, bucket pointing to before begin that hasn't
          // moved.
          if (_M_begin())
            _M_buckets[_M_bucket_index(_M_begin())] = &_M_before_begin;
          __ht._M_reset();
        }
      else
        {
          __alloc_node_gen_t __alloc_gen(*this);
 
          using _Fwd_Ht = typename
            conditional<__move_if_noexcept_cond<value_type>::value,
                        const _Hashtable&, _Hashtable&&>::type;
          _M_assign(std::forward<_Fwd_Ht>(__ht), __alloc_gen);
          __ht.clear();
        }
    }
 
  template<typename _Key, typename _Value,
           typename _Alloc, typename _ExtractKey, typename _Equal,
           typename _H1, typename _H2, typename _Hash, typename _RehashPolicy,
           typename _Traits>
    _Hashtable<_Key, _Value, _Alloc, _ExtractKey, _Equal,
               _H1, _H2, _Hash, _RehashPolicy, _Traits>::
    ~_Hashtable() noexcept
    {
      clear();
      _M_deallocate_buckets();
    }
 
  template<typename _Key, typename _Value,
           typename _Alloc, typename _ExtractKey, typename _Equal,
           typename _H1, typename _H2, typename _Hash, typename _RehashPolicy,
           typename _Traits>
    void
    _Hashtable<_Key, _Value, _Alloc, _ExtractKey, _Equal,
               _H1, _H2, _Hash, _RehashPolicy, _Traits>::
    swap(_Hashtable& __x)
    noexcept(__and_<__is_nothrow_swappable<_H1>,
                        __is_nothrow_swappable<_Equal>>::value)
    {
      // The only base class with member variables is hash_code_base.
      // We define _Hash_code_base::_M_swap because different
      // specializations have different members.
      this->_M_swap(__x);
 
      std::__alloc_on_swap(this->_M_node_allocator(), __x._M_node_allocator());
      std::swap(_M_rehash_policy, __x._M_rehash_policy);
 
      // Deal properly with potentially moved instances.
      if (this->_M_uses_single_bucket())
        {
          if (!__x._M_uses_single_bucket())
            {
              _M_buckets = __x._M_buckets;
              __x._M_buckets = &__x._M_single_bucket;
            }
        }
      else if (__x._M_uses_single_bucket())
        {
          __x._M_buckets = _M_buckets;
          _M_buckets = &_M_single_bucket;
        }       
      else
        std::swap(_M_buckets, __x._M_buckets);
 
      std::swap(_M_bucket_count, __x._M_bucket_count);
      std::swap(_M_before_begin._M_nxt, __x._M_before_begin._M_nxt);
      std::swap(_M_element_count, __x._M_element_count);
      std::swap(_M_single_bucket, __x._M_single_bucket);
 
      // Fix buckets containing the _M_before_begin pointers that can't be
      // swapped.
      if (_M_begin())
        _M_buckets[_M_bucket_index(_M_begin())] = &_M_before_begin;
 
      if (__x._M_begin())
        __x._M_buckets[__x._M_bucket_index(__x._M_begin())]
          = &__x._M_before_begin;
    }
 
  template<typename _Key, typename _Value,
           typename _Alloc, typename _ExtractKey, typename _Equal,
           typename _H1, typename _H2, typename _Hash, typename _RehashPolicy,
           typename _Traits>
    auto
    _Hashtable<_Key, _Value, _Alloc, _ExtractKey, _Equal,
               _H1, _H2, _Hash, _RehashPolicy, _Traits>::
    find(const key_type& __k)
    -> iterator
    {
      __hash_code __code = this->_M_hash_code(__k);
      std::size_t __bkt = _M_bucket_index(__k, __code);
      __node_type* __p = _M_find_node(__bkt, __k, __code);
      return __p ? iterator(__p) : end();
    }
 
  template<typename _Key, typename _Value,
           typename _Alloc, typename _ExtractKey, typename _Equal,
           typename _H1, typename _H2, typename _Hash, typename _RehashPolicy,
           typename _Traits>
    auto
    _Hashtable<_Key, _Value, _Alloc, _ExtractKey, _Equal,
               _H1, _H2, _Hash, _RehashPolicy, _Traits>::
    find(const key_type& __k) const
    -> const_iterator
    {
      __hash_code __code = this->_M_hash_code(__k);
      std::size_t __bkt = _M_bucket_index(__k, __code);
      __node_type* __p = _M_find_node(__bkt, __k, __code);
      return __p ? const_iterator(__p) : end();
    }
 
  template<typename _Key, typename _Value,
           typename _Alloc, typename _ExtractKey, typename _Equal,
           typename _H1, typename _H2, typename _Hash, typename _RehashPolicy,
           typename _Traits>
    auto
    _Hashtable<_Key, _Value, _Alloc, _ExtractKey, _Equal,
               _H1, _H2, _Hash, _RehashPolicy, _Traits>::
    count(const key_type& __k) const
    -> size_type
    {
      __hash_code __code = this->_M_hash_code(__k);
      std::size_t __bkt = _M_bucket_index(__k, __code);
      __node_type* __p = _M_bucket_begin(__bkt);
      if (!__p)
        return 0;
 
      std::size_t __result = 0;
      for (;; __p = __p->_M_next())
        {
          if (this->_M_equals(__k, __code, __p))
            ++__result;
          else if (__result)
            // All equivalent values are next to each other, if we
            // found a non-equivalent value after an equivalent one it
            // means that we won't find any new equivalent value.
            break;
          if (!__p->_M_nxt || _M_bucket_index(__p->_M_next()) != __bkt)
            break;
        }
      return __result;
    }
 
  template<typename _Key, typename _Value,
           typename _Alloc, typename _ExtractKey, typename _Equal,
           typename _H1, typename _H2, typename _Hash, typename _RehashPolicy,
           typename _Traits>
    auto
    _Hashtable<_Key, _Value, _Alloc, _ExtractKey, _Equal,
               _H1, _H2, _Hash, _RehashPolicy, _Traits>::
    equal_range(const key_type& __k)
    -> pair<iterator, iterator>
    {
      __hash_code __code = this->_M_hash_code(__k);
      std::size_t __bkt = _M_bucket_index(__k, __code);
      __node_type* __p = _M_find_node(__bkt, __k, __code);
 
      if (__p)
        {
          __node_type* __p1 = __p->_M_next();
          while (__p1 && _M_bucket_index(__p1) == __bkt
                 && this->_M_equals(__k, __code, __p1))
            __p1 = __p1->_M_next();
 
          return std::make_pair(iterator(__p), iterator(__p1));
        }
      else
        return std::make_pair(end(), end());
    }
 
  template<typename _Key, typename _Value,
           typename _Alloc, typename _ExtractKey, typename _Equal,
           typename _H1, typename _H2, typename _Hash, typename _RehashPolicy,
           typename _Traits>
    auto
    _Hashtable<_Key, _Value, _Alloc, _ExtractKey, _Equal,
               _H1, _H2, _Hash, _RehashPolicy, _Traits>::
    equal_range(const key_type& __k) const
    -> pair<const_iterator, const_iterator>
    {
      __hash_code __code = this->_M_hash_code(__k);
      std::size_t __bkt = _M_bucket_index(__k, __code);
      __node_type* __p = _M_find_node(__bkt, __k, __code);
 
      if (__p)
        {
          __node_type* __p1 = __p->_M_next();
          while (__p1 && _M_bucket_index(__p1) == __bkt
                 && this->_M_equals(__k, __code, __p1))
            __p1 = __p1->_M_next();
 
          return std::make_pair(const_iterator(__p), const_iterator(__p1));
        }
      else
        return std::make_pair(end(), end());
    }
 
  // Find the node whose key compares equal to k in the bucket bkt.
  // Return nullptr if no node is found.
  template<typename _Key, typename _Value,
           typename _Alloc, typename _ExtractKey, typename _Equal,
           typename _H1, typename _H2, typename _Hash, typename _RehashPolicy,
           typename _Traits>
    auto
    _Hashtable<_Key, _Value, _Alloc, _ExtractKey, _Equal,
               _H1, _H2, _Hash, _RehashPolicy, _Traits>::
    _M_find_before_node(size_type __bkt, const key_type& __k,
                        __hash_code __code) const
    -> __node_base*
    {
      __node_base* __prev_p = _M_buckets[__bkt];
      if (!__prev_p)
        return nullptr;
 
      for (__node_type* __p = static_cast<__node_type*>(__prev_p->_M_nxt);;
           __p = __p->_M_next())
        {
          if (this->_M_equals(__k, __code, __p))
            return __prev_p;
 
          if (!__p->_M_nxt || _M_bucket_index(__p->_M_next()) != __bkt)
            break;
          __prev_p = __p;
        }
      return nullptr;
    }
 
  template<typename _Key, typename _Value,
           typename _Alloc, typename _ExtractKey, typename _Equal,
           typename _H1, typename _H2, typename _Hash, typename _RehashPolicy,
           typename _Traits>
    void
    _Hashtable<_Key, _Value, _Alloc, _ExtractKey, _Equal,
               _H1, _H2, _Hash, _RehashPolicy, _Traits>::
    _M_insert_bucket_begin(size_type __bkt, __node_type* __node)
    {
      if (_M_buckets[__bkt])
        {
          // Bucket is not empty, we just need to insert the new node
          // after the bucket before begin.
          __node->_M_nxt = _M_buckets[__bkt]->_M_nxt;
          _M_buckets[__bkt]->_M_nxt = __node;
        }
      else
        {
          // The bucket is empty, the new node is inserted at the
          // beginning of the singly-linked list and the bucket will
          // contain _M_before_begin pointer.
          __node->_M_nxt = _M_before_begin._M_nxt;
          _M_before_begin._M_nxt = __node;
          if (__node->_M_nxt)
            // We must update former begin bucket that is pointing to
            // _M_before_begin.
            _M_buckets[_M_bucket_index(__node->_M_next())] = __node;
          _M_buckets[__bkt] = &_M_before_begin;
        }
    }
 
  template<typename _Key, typename _Value,
           typename _Alloc, typename _ExtractKey, typename _Equal,
           typename _H1, typename _H2, typename _Hash, typename _RehashPolicy,
           typename _Traits>
    void
    _Hashtable<_Key, _Value, _Alloc, _ExtractKey, _Equal,
               _H1, _H2, _Hash, _RehashPolicy, _Traits>::
    _M_remove_bucket_begin(size_type __bkt, __node_type* __next,
                           size_type __next_bkt)
    {
      if (!__next || __next_bkt != __bkt)
        {
          // Bucket is now empty
          // First update next bucket if any
          if (__next)
            _M_buckets[__next_bkt] = _M_buckets[__bkt];
 
          // Second update before begin node if necessary
          if (&_M_before_begin == _M_buckets[__bkt])
            _M_before_begin._M_nxt = __next;
          _M_buckets[__bkt] = nullptr;
        }
    }
 
  template<typename _Key, typename _Value,
           typename _Alloc, typename _ExtractKey, typename _Equal,
           typename _H1, typename _H2, typename _Hash, typename _RehashPolicy,
           typename _Traits>
    auto
    _Hashtable<_Key, _Value, _Alloc, _ExtractKey, _Equal,
               _H1, _H2, _Hash, _RehashPolicy, _Traits>::
    _M_get_previous_node(size_type __bkt, __node_base* __n)
    -> __node_base*
    {
      __node_base* __prev_n = _M_buckets[__bkt];
      while (__prev_n->_M_nxt != __n)
        __prev_n = __prev_n->_M_nxt;
      return __prev_n;
    }
 
  template<typename _Key, typename _Value,
           typename _Alloc, typename _ExtractKey, typename _Equal,
           typename _H1, typename _H2, typename _Hash, typename _RehashPolicy,
           typename _Traits>
    template<typename... _Args>
      auto
      _Hashtable<_Key, _Value, _Alloc, _ExtractKey, _Equal,
                 _H1, _H2, _Hash, _RehashPolicy, _Traits>::
      _M_emplace(true_type, _Args&&... __args)
      -> pair<iterator, bool>
      {
        // First build the node to get access to the hash code
        _Scoped_node __node { this, std::forward<_Args>(__args)...  };
        const key_type& __k = this->_M_extract()(__node._M_node->_M_v());
        __hash_code __code = this->_M_hash_code(__k);
        size_type __bkt = _M_bucket_index(__k, __code);
        if (__node_type* __p = _M_find_node(__bkt, __k, __code))
          // There is already an equivalent node, no insertion
          return std::make_pair(iterator(__p), false);
 
        // Insert the node
        auto __pos = _M_insert_unique_node(__k, __bkt, __code, __node._M_node);
        __node._M_node = nullptr;
        return { __pos, true };
      }
 
  template<typename _Key, typename _Value,
           typename _Alloc, typename _ExtractKey, typename _Equal,
           typename _H1, typename _H2, typename _Hash, typename _RehashPolicy,
           typename _Traits>
    template<typename... _Args>
      auto
      _Hashtable<_Key, _Value, _Alloc, _ExtractKey, _Equal,
                 _H1, _H2, _Hash, _RehashPolicy, _Traits>::
      _M_emplace(const_iterator __hint, false_type, _Args&&... __args)
      -> iterator
      {
        // First build the node to get its hash code.
        _Scoped_node __node { this, std::forward<_Args>(__args)...  };
        const key_type& __k = this->_M_extract()(__node._M_node->_M_v());
 
        __hash_code __code = this->_M_hash_code(__k);
        auto __pos
          = _M_insert_multi_node(__hint._M_cur, __k, __code, __node._M_node);
        __node._M_node = nullptr;
        return __pos;
      }
 
  template<typename _Key, typename _Value,
           typename _Alloc, typename _ExtractKey, typename _Equal,
           typename _H1, typename _H2, typename _Hash, typename _RehashPolicy,
           typename _Traits>
    auto
    _Hashtable<_Key, _Value, _Alloc, _ExtractKey, _Equal,
               _H1, _H2, _Hash, _RehashPolicy, _Traits>::
    _M_insert_unique_node(const key_type& __k, size_type __bkt,
                          __hash_code __code, __node_type* __node,
                          size_type __n_elt)
    -> iterator
    {
      const __rehash_state& __saved_state = _M_rehash_policy._M_state();
      std::pair<bool, std::size_t> __do_rehash
        = _M_rehash_policy._M_need_rehash(_M_bucket_count, _M_element_count,
                                          __n_elt);
 
      if (__do_rehash.first)
        {
          _M_rehash(__do_rehash.second, __saved_state);
          __bkt = _M_bucket_index(__k, __code);
        }
 
      this->_M_store_code(__node, __code);
 
      // Always insert at the beginning of the bucket.
      _M_insert_bucket_begin(__bkt, __node);
      ++_M_element_count;
      return iterator(__node);
    }
 
  template<typename _Key, typename _Value,
           typename _Alloc, typename _ExtractKey, typename _Equal,
           typename _H1, typename _H2, typename _Hash, typename _RehashPolicy,
           typename _Traits>
    auto
    _Hashtable<_Key, _Value, _Alloc, _ExtractKey, _Equal,
               _H1, _H2, _Hash, _RehashPolicy, _Traits>::
    _M_insert_multi_node(__node_type* __hint, const key_type& __k,
                         __hash_code __code, __node_type* __node)
    -> iterator
    {
      const __rehash_state& __saved_state = _M_rehash_policy._M_state();
      std::pair<bool, std::size_t> __do_rehash
        = _M_rehash_policy._M_need_rehash(_M_bucket_count, _M_element_count, 1);
 
      if (__do_rehash.first)
        _M_rehash(__do_rehash.second, __saved_state);
 
      this->_M_store_code(__node, __code);
      size_type __bkt = _M_bucket_index(__k, __code);
 
      // Find the node before an equivalent one or use hint if it exists and
      // if it is equivalent.
      __node_base* __prev
        = __builtin_expect(__hint != nullptr, false)
          && this->_M_equals(__k, __code, __hint)
            ? __hint
            : _M_find_before_node(__bkt, __k, __code);
      if (__prev)
        {
          // Insert after the node before the equivalent one.
          __node->_M_nxt = __prev->_M_nxt;
          __prev->_M_nxt = __node;
          if (__builtin_expect(__prev == __hint, false))
            // hint might be the last bucket node, in this case we need to
            // update next bucket.
            if (__node->_M_nxt
                && !this->_M_equals(__k, __code, __node->_M_next()))
              {
                size_type __next_bkt = _M_bucket_index(__node->_M_next());
                if (__next_bkt != __bkt)
                  _M_buckets[__next_bkt] = __node;
              }
        }
      else
        // The inserted node has no equivalent in the hashtable. We must
        // insert the new node at the beginning of the bucket to preserve
        // equivalent elements' relative positions.
        _M_insert_bucket_begin(__bkt, __node);
      ++_M_element_count;
      return iterator(__node);
    }
 
  // Insert v if no element with its key is already present.
  template<typename _Key, typename _Value,
           typename _Alloc, typename _ExtractKey, typename _Equal,
           typename _H1, typename _H2, typename _Hash, typename _RehashPolicy,
           typename _Traits>
    template<typename _Arg, typename _NodeGenerator>
      auto
      _Hashtable<_Key, _Value, _Alloc, _ExtractKey, _Equal,
                 _H1, _H2, _Hash, _RehashPolicy, _Traits>::
      _M_insert(_Arg&& __v, const _NodeGenerator& __node_gen, true_type,
                size_type __n_elt)
      -> pair<iterator, bool>
      {
        const key_type& __k = this->_M_extract()(__v);
        __hash_code __code = this->_M_hash_code(__k);
        size_type __bkt = _M_bucket_index(__k, __code);
 
        if (__node_type* __node = _M_find_node(__bkt, __k, __code))
          return { iterator(__node), false };
 
        _Scoped_node __node{ __node_gen(std::forward<_Arg>(__v)), this };
        auto __pos
          = _M_insert_unique_node(__k, __bkt, __code, __node._M_node, __n_elt);
        __node._M_node = nullptr;
        return { __pos, true };
      }
 
  // Insert v unconditionally.
  template<typename _Key, typename _Value,
           typename _Alloc, typename _ExtractKey, typename _Equal,
           typename _H1, typename _H2, typename _Hash, typename _RehashPolicy,
           typename _Traits>
    template<typename _Arg, typename _NodeGenerator>
      auto
      _Hashtable<_Key, _Value, _Alloc, _ExtractKey, _Equal,
                 _H1, _H2, _Hash, _RehashPolicy, _Traits>::
      _M_insert(const_iterator __hint, _Arg&& __v,
                const _NodeGenerator& __node_gen, false_type)
      -> iterator
      {
        // First compute the hash code so that we don't do anything if it
        // throws.
        __hash_code __code = this->_M_hash_code(this->_M_extract()(__v));
 
        // Second allocate new node so that we don't rehash if it throws.
        _Scoped_node __node{ __node_gen(std::forward<_Arg>(__v)), this };
        const key_type& __k = this->_M_extract()(__node._M_node->_M_v());
        auto __pos
          = _M_insert_multi_node(__hint._M_cur, __k, __code, __node._M_node);
        __node._M_node = nullptr;
        return __pos;
      }
 
  template<typename _Key, typename _Value,
           typename _Alloc, typename _ExtractKey, typename _Equal,
           typename _H1, typename _H2, typename _Hash, typename _RehashPolicy,
           typename _Traits>
    auto
    _Hashtable<_Key, _Value, _Alloc, _ExtractKey, _Equal,
               _H1, _H2, _Hash, _RehashPolicy, _Traits>::
    erase(const_iterator __it)
    -> iterator
    {
      __node_type* __n = __it._M_cur;
      std::size_t __bkt = _M_bucket_index(__n);
 
      // Look for previous node to unlink it from the erased one, this
      // is why we need buckets to contain the before begin to make
      // this search fast.
      __node_base* __prev_n = _M_get_previous_node(__bkt, __n);
      return _M_erase(__bkt, __prev_n, __n);
    }
 
  template<typename _Key, typename _Value,
           typename _Alloc, typename _ExtractKey, typename _Equal,
           typename _H1, typename _H2, typename _Hash, typename _RehashPolicy,
           typename _Traits>
    auto
    _Hashtable<_Key, _Value, _Alloc, _ExtractKey, _Equal,
               _H1, _H2, _Hash, _RehashPolicy, _Traits>::
    _M_erase(size_type __bkt, __node_base* __prev_n, __node_type* __n)
    -> iterator
    {
      if (__prev_n == _M_buckets[__bkt])
        _M_remove_bucket_begin(__bkt, __n->_M_next(),
           __n->_M_nxt ? _M_bucket_index(__n->_M_next()) : 0);
      else if (__n->_M_nxt)
        {
          size_type __next_bkt = _M_bucket_index(__n->_M_next());
          if (__next_bkt != __bkt)
            _M_buckets[__next_bkt] = __prev_n;
        }
 
      __prev_n->_M_nxt = __n->_M_nxt;
      iterator __result(__n->_M_next());
      this->_M_deallocate_node(__n);
      --_M_element_count;
 
      return __result;
    }
 
  template<typename _Key, typename _Value,
           typename _Alloc, typename _ExtractKey, typename _Equal,
           typename _H1, typename _H2, typename _Hash, typename _RehashPolicy,
           typename _Traits>
    auto
    _Hashtable<_Key, _Value, _Alloc, _ExtractKey, _Equal,
               _H1, _H2, _Hash, _RehashPolicy, _Traits>::
    _M_erase(true_type, const key_type& __k)
    -> size_type
    {
      __hash_code __code = this->_M_hash_code(__k);
      std::size_t __bkt = _M_bucket_index(__k, __code);
 
      // Look for the node before the first matching node.
      __node_base* __prev_n = _M_find_before_node(__bkt, __k, __code);
      if (!__prev_n)
        return 0;
 
      // We found a matching node, erase it.
      __node_type* __n = static_cast<__node_type*>(__prev_n->_M_nxt);
      _M_erase(__bkt, __prev_n, __n);
      return 1;
    }
 
  template<typename _Key, typename _Value,
           typename _Alloc, typename _ExtractKey, typename _Equal,
           typename _H1, typename _H2, typename _Hash, typename _RehashPolicy,
           typename _Traits>
    auto
    _Hashtable<_Key, _Value, _Alloc, _ExtractKey, _Equal,
               _H1, _H2, _Hash, _RehashPolicy, _Traits>::
    _M_erase(false_type, const key_type& __k)
    -> size_type
    {
      __hash_code __code = this->_M_hash_code(__k);
      std::size_t __bkt = _M_bucket_index(__k, __code);
 
      // Look for the node before the first matching node.
      __node_base* __prev_n = _M_find_before_node(__bkt, __k, __code);
      if (!__prev_n)
        return 0;
 
      // _GLIBCXX_RESOLVE_LIB_DEFECTS
      // 526. Is it undefined if a function in the standard changes
      // in parameters?
      // We use one loop to find all matching nodes and another to deallocate
      // them so that the key stays valid during the first loop. It might be
      // invalidated indirectly when destroying nodes.
      __node_type* __n = static_cast<__node_type*>(__prev_n->_M_nxt);
      __node_type* __n_last = __n;
      std::size_t __n_last_bkt = __bkt;
      do
        {
          __n_last = __n_last->_M_next();
          if (!__n_last)
            break;
          __n_last_bkt = _M_bucket_index(__n_last);
        }
      while (__n_last_bkt == __bkt && this->_M_equals(__k, __code, __n_last));
 
      // Deallocate nodes.
      size_type __result = 0;
      do
        {
          __node_type* __p = __n->_M_next();
          this->_M_deallocate_node(__n);
          __n = __p;
          ++__result;
          --_M_element_count;
        }
      while (__n != __n_last);
 
      if (__prev_n == _M_buckets[__bkt])
        _M_remove_bucket_begin(__bkt, __n_last, __n_last_bkt);
      else if (__n_last && __n_last_bkt != __bkt)
        _M_buckets[__n_last_bkt] = __prev_n;
      __prev_n->_M_nxt = __n_last;
      return __result;
    }
 
  template<typename _Key, typename _Value,
           typename _Alloc, typename _ExtractKey, typename _Equal,
           typename _H1, typename _H2, typename _Hash, typename _RehashPolicy,
           typename _Traits>
    auto
    _Hashtable<_Key, _Value, _Alloc, _ExtractKey, _Equal,
               _H1, _H2, _Hash, _RehashPolicy, _Traits>::
    erase(const_iterator __first, const_iterator __last)
    -> iterator
    {
      __node_type* __n = __first._M_cur;
      __node_type* __last_n = __last._M_cur;
      if (__n == __last_n)
        return iterator(__n);
 
      std::size_t __bkt = _M_bucket_index(__n);
 
      __node_base* __prev_n = _M_get_previous_node(__bkt, __n);
      bool __is_bucket_begin = __n == _M_bucket_begin(__bkt);
      std::size_t __n_bkt = __bkt;
      for (;;)
        {
          do
            {
              __node_type* __tmp = __n;
              __n = __n->_M_next();
              this->_M_deallocate_node(__tmp);
              --_M_element_count;
              if (!__n)
                break;
              __n_bkt = _M_bucket_index(__n);
            }
          while (__n != __last_n && __n_bkt == __bkt);
          if (__is_bucket_begin)
            _M_remove_bucket_begin(__bkt, __n, __n_bkt);
          if (__n == __last_n)
            break;
          __is_bucket_begin = true;
          __bkt = __n_bkt;
        }
 
      if (__n && (__n_bkt != __bkt || __is_bucket_begin))
        _M_buckets[__n_bkt] = __prev_n;
      __prev_n->_M_nxt = __n;
      return iterator(__n);
    }
 
  template<typename _Key, typename _Value,
           typename _Alloc, typename _ExtractKey, typename _Equal,
           typename _H1, typename _H2, typename _Hash, typename _RehashPolicy,
           typename _Traits>
    void
    _Hashtable<_Key, _Value, _Alloc, _ExtractKey, _Equal,
               _H1, _H2, _Hash, _RehashPolicy, _Traits>::
    clear() noexcept
    {
      this->_M_deallocate_nodes(_M_begin());
      __builtin_memset(_M_buckets, 0, _M_bucket_count * sizeof(__bucket_type));
      _M_element_count = 0;
      _M_before_begin._M_nxt = nullptr;
    }
 
  template<typename _Key, typename _Value,
           typename _Alloc, typename _ExtractKey, typename _Equal,
           typename _H1, typename _H2, typename _Hash, typename _RehashPolicy,
           typename _Traits>
    void
    _Hashtable<_Key, _Value, _Alloc, _ExtractKey, _Equal,
               _H1, _H2, _Hash, _RehashPolicy, _Traits>::
    rehash(size_type __bkt_count)
    {
      const __rehash_state& __saved_state = _M_rehash_policy._M_state();
      __bkt_count
        = std::max(_M_rehash_policy._M_bkt_for_elements(_M_element_count + 1),
                   __bkt_count);
      __bkt_count = _M_rehash_policy._M_next_bkt(__bkt_count);
 
      if (__bkt_count != _M_bucket_count)
        _M_rehash(__bkt_count, __saved_state);
      else
        // No rehash, restore previous state to keep it consistent with
        // container state.
        _M_rehash_policy._M_reset(__saved_state);
    }
 
  template<typename _Key, typename _Value,
           typename _Alloc, typename _ExtractKey, typename _Equal,
           typename _H1, typename _H2, typename _Hash, typename _RehashPolicy,
           typename _Traits>
    void
    _Hashtable<_Key, _Value, _Alloc, _ExtractKey, _Equal,
               _H1, _H2, _Hash, _RehashPolicy, _Traits>::
    _M_rehash(size_type __bkt_count, const __rehash_state& __state)
    {
      __try
        {
          _M_rehash_aux(__bkt_count, __unique_keys());
        }
      __catch(...)
        {
          // A failure here means that buckets allocation failed.  We only
          // have to restore hash policy previous state.
          _M_rehash_policy._M_reset(__state);
          __throw_exception_again;
        }
    }
 
  // Rehash when there is no equivalent elements.
  template<typename _Key, typename _Value,
           typename _Alloc, typename _ExtractKey, typename _Equal,
           typename _H1, typename _H2, typename _Hash, typename _RehashPolicy,
           typename _Traits>
    void
    _Hashtable<_Key, _Value, _Alloc, _ExtractKey, _Equal,
               _H1, _H2, _Hash, _RehashPolicy, _Traits>::
    _M_rehash_aux(size_type __bkt_count, true_type)
    {
      __bucket_type* __new_buckets = _M_allocate_buckets(__bkt_count);
      __node_type* __p = _M_begin();
      _M_before_begin._M_nxt = nullptr;
      std::size_t __bbegin_bkt = 0;
      while (__p)
        {
          __node_type* __next = __p->_M_next();
          std::size_t __bkt
            = __hash_code_base::_M_bucket_index(__p, __bkt_count);
          if (!__new_buckets[__bkt])
            {
              __p->_M_nxt = _M_before_begin._M_nxt;
              _M_before_begin._M_nxt = __p;
              __new_buckets[__bkt] = &_M_before_begin;
              if (__p->_M_nxt)
                __new_buckets[__bbegin_bkt] = __p;
              __bbegin_bkt = __bkt;
            }
          else
            {
              __p->_M_nxt = __new_buckets[__bkt]->_M_nxt;
              __new_buckets[__bkt]->_M_nxt = __p;
            }
          __p = __next;
        }
 
      _M_deallocate_buckets();
      _M_bucket_count = __bkt_count;
      _M_buckets = __new_buckets;
    }
 
  // Rehash when there can be equivalent elements, preserve their relative
  // order.
  template<typename _Key, typename _Value,
           typename _Alloc, typename _ExtractKey, typename _Equal,
           typename _H1, typename _H2, typename _Hash, typename _RehashPolicy,
           typename _Traits>
    void
    _Hashtable<_Key, _Value, _Alloc, _ExtractKey, _Equal,
               _H1, _H2, _Hash, _RehashPolicy, _Traits>::
    _M_rehash_aux(size_type __bkt_count, false_type)
    {
      __bucket_type* __new_buckets = _M_allocate_buckets(__bkt_count);
 
      __node_type* __p = _M_begin();
      _M_before_begin._M_nxt = nullptr;
      std::size_t __bbegin_bkt = 0;
      std::size_t __prev_bkt = 0;
      __node_type* __prev_p = nullptr;
      bool __check_bucket = false;
 
      while (__p)
        {
          __node_type* __next = __p->_M_next();
          std::size_t __bkt
            = __hash_code_base::_M_bucket_index(__p, __bkt_count);
 
          if (__prev_p && __prev_bkt == __bkt)
            {
              // Previous insert was already in this bucket, we insert after
              // the previously inserted one to preserve equivalent elements
              // relative order.
              __p->_M_nxt = __prev_p->_M_nxt;
              __prev_p->_M_nxt = __p;
 
              // Inserting after a node in a bucket require to check that we
              // haven't change the bucket last node, in this case next
              // bucket containing its before begin node must be updated. We
              // schedule a check as soon as we move out of the sequence of
              // equivalent nodes to limit the number of checks.
              __check_bucket = true;
            }
          else
            {
              if (__check_bucket)
                {
                  // Check if we shall update the next bucket because of
                  // insertions into __prev_bkt bucket.
                  if (__prev_p->_M_nxt)
                    {
                      std::size_t __next_bkt
                        = __hash_code_base::_M_bucket_index(__prev_p->_M_next(),
                                                            __bkt_count);
                      if (__next_bkt != __prev_bkt)
                        __new_buckets[__next_bkt] = __prev_p;
                    }
                  __check_bucket = false;
                }
 
              if (!__new_buckets[__bkt])
                {
                  __p->_M_nxt = _M_before_begin._M_nxt;
                  _M_before_begin._M_nxt = __p;
                  __new_buckets[__bkt] = &_M_before_begin;
                  if (__p->_M_nxt)
                    __new_buckets[__bbegin_bkt] = __p;
                  __bbegin_bkt = __bkt;
                }
              else
                {
                  __p->_M_nxt = __new_buckets[__bkt]->_M_nxt;
                  __new_buckets[__bkt]->_M_nxt = __p;
                }
            }
          __prev_p = __p;
          __prev_bkt = __bkt;
          __p = __next;
        }
 
      if (__check_bucket && __prev_p->_M_nxt)
        {
          std::size_t __next_bkt
            = __hash_code_base::_M_bucket_index(__prev_p->_M_next(),
                                                __bkt_count);
          if (__next_bkt != __prev_bkt)
            __new_buckets[__next_bkt] = __prev_p;
        }
 
      _M_deallocate_buckets();
      _M_bucket_count = __bkt_count;
      _M_buckets = __new_buckets;
    }
 
#if __cplusplus > 201402L
  template<typename, typename, typename> class _Hash_merge_helper { };
#endif // C++17
 
#if __cpp_deduction_guides >= 201606
  // Used to constrain deduction guides
  template<typename _Hash>
    using _RequireNotAllocatorOrIntegral
      = __enable_if_t<!__or_<is_integral<_Hash>, __is_allocator<_Hash>>::value>;
#endif
 
_GLIBCXX_END_NAMESPACE_VERSION
} // namespace std
 
#endif // _HASHTABLE_H