GNAT Reference Manual

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GNAT Reference Manual

GNAT Reference Manual , January 13, 2017

AdaCore

Copyright © 2008-2017, Free Software Foundation

`GNAT, The GNU Ada Development Environment'

GCC version 7.1.0
AdaCore

Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, with the Front-Cover Texts being "GNAT Reference Manual", and with no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled GNU Free Documentation License.

• About This Guide:  
• Implementation Defined Pragmas:  
• Implementation Defined Aspects:  
• Implementation Defined Attributes:  
• Standard and Implementation Defined Restrictions:  
• Implementation Advice:  
• Implementation Defined Characteristics:  
• Intrinsic Subprograms:  
• Representation Clauses and Pragmas:  
• Standard Library Routines:  
• The Implementation of Standard I/O:  
• The GNAT Library:  
• Interfacing to Other Languages:  
• Specialized Needs Annexes:  
• Implementation of Specific Ada Features:  
• Implementation of Ada 2012 Features:  
• Obsolescent Features:  
• Compatibility and Porting Guide:  
• GNU Free Documentation License:  
• Index:   


 — The Detailed Node Listing —

About This Guide
• What This Reference Manual Contains:  
• Conventions:  
• Related Information:   

Implementation Defined Pragmas
• Pragma Abort_Defer:  
• Pragma Abstract_State:  
• Pragma Ada_83:  
• Pragma Ada_95:  
• Pragma Ada_05:  
• Pragma Ada_2005:  
• Pragma Ada_12:  
• Pragma Ada_2012:  
• Pragma Allow_Integer_Address:  
• Pragma Annotate:  
• Pragma Assert:  
• Pragma Assert_And_Cut:  
• Pragma Assertion_Policy:  
• Pragma Assume:  
• Pragma Assume_No_Invalid_Values:  
• Pragma Async_Readers:  
• Pragma Async_Writers:  
• Pragma Attribute_Definition:  
• Pragma C_Pass_By_Copy:  
• Pragma Check:  
• Pragma Check_Float_Overflow:  
• Pragma Check_Name:  
• Pragma Check_Policy:  
• Pragma Comment:  
• Pragma Common_Object:  
• Pragma Compile_Time_Error:  
• Pragma Compile_Time_Warning:  
• Pragma Compiler_Unit:  
• Pragma Compiler_Unit_Warning:  
• Pragma Complete_Representation:  
• Pragma Complex_Representation:  
• Pragma Component_Alignment:  
• Pragma Constant_After_Elaboration:  
• Pragma Contract_Cases:  
• Pragma Convention_Identifier:  
• Pragma CPP_Class:  
• Pragma CPP_Constructor:  
• Pragma CPP_Virtual:  
• Pragma CPP_Vtable:  
• Pragma CPU:  
• Pragma Default_Initial_Condition:  
• Pragma Debug:  
• Pragma Debug_Policy:  
• Pragma Default_Scalar_Storage_Order:  
• Pragma Default_Storage_Pool:  
• Pragma Depends:  
• Pragma Detect_Blocking:  
• Pragma Disable_Atomic_Synchronization:  
• Pragma Dispatching_Domain:  
• Pragma Effective_Reads:  
• Pragma Effective_Writes:  
• Pragma Elaboration_Checks:  
• Pragma Eliminate:  
• Pragma Enable_Atomic_Synchronization:  
• Pragma Export_Function:  
• Pragma Export_Object:  
• Pragma Export_Procedure:  
• Pragma Export_Value:  
• Pragma Export_Valued_Procedure:  
• Pragma Extend_System:  
• Pragma Extensions_Allowed:  
• Pragma Extensions_Visible:  
• Pragma External:  
• Pragma External_Name_Casing:  
• Pragma Fast_Math:  
• Pragma Favor_Top_Level:  
• Pragma Finalize_Storage_Only:  
• Pragma Float_Representation:  
• Pragma Ghost:  
• Pragma Global:  
• Pragma Ident:  
• Pragma Ignore_Pragma:  
• Pragma Implementation_Defined:  
• Pragma Implemented:  
• Pragma Implicit_Packing:  
• Pragma Import_Function:  
• Pragma Import_Object:  
• Pragma Import_Procedure:  
• Pragma Import_Valued_Procedure:  
• Pragma Independent:  
• Pragma Independent_Components:  
• Pragma Initial_Condition:  
• Pragma Initialize_Scalars:  
• Pragma Initializes:  
• Pragma Inline_Always:  
• Pragma Inline_Generic:  
• Pragma Interface:  
• Pragma Interface_Name:  
• Pragma Interrupt_Handler:  
• Pragma Interrupt_State:  
• Pragma Invariant:  
• Pragma Keep_Names:  
• Pragma License:  
• Pragma Link_With:  
• Pragma Linker_Alias:  
• Pragma Linker_Constructor:  
• Pragma Linker_Destructor:  
• Pragma Linker_Section:  
• Pragma Lock_Free:  
• Pragma Loop_Invariant:  
• Pragma Loop_Optimize:  
• Pragma Loop_Variant:  
• Pragma Machine_Attribute:  
• Pragma Main:  
• Pragma Main_Storage:  
• Pragma Max_Queue_Length:  
• Pragma No_Body:  
• Pragma No_Elaboration_Code_All:  
• Pragma No_Inline:  
• Pragma No_Return:  
• Pragma No_Run_Time:  
• Pragma No_Strict_Aliasing:  
• Pragma No_Tagged_Streams:  
• Pragma Normalize_Scalars:  
• Pragma Obsolescent:  
• Pragma Optimize_Alignment:  
• Pragma Ordered:  
• Pragma Overflow_Mode:  
• Pragma Overriding_Renamings:  
• Pragma Partition_Elaboration_Policy:  
• Pragma Part_Of:  
• Pragma Passive:  
• Pragma Persistent_BSS:  
• Pragma Polling:  
• Pragma Post:  
• Pragma Postcondition:  
• Pragma Post_Class:  
• Pragma Rename_Pragma:  
• Pragma Pre:  
• Pragma Precondition:  
• Pragma Predicate:  
• Pragma Predicate_Failure:  
• Pragma Preelaborable_Initialization:  
• Pragma Prefix_Exception_Messages:  
• Pragma Pre_Class:  
• Pragma Priority_Specific_Dispatching:  
• Pragma Profile:  
• Pragma Profile_Warnings:  
• Pragma Propagate_Exceptions:  
• Pragma Provide_Shift_Operators:  
• Pragma Psect_Object:  
• Pragma Pure_Function:  
• Pragma Rational:  
• Pragma Ravenscar:  
• Pragma Refined_Depends:  
• Pragma Refined_Global:  
• Pragma Refined_Post:  
• Pragma Refined_State:  
• Pragma Relative_Deadline:  
• Pragma Remote_Access_Type:  
• Pragma Restricted_Run_Time:  
• Pragma Restriction_Warnings:  
• Pragma Reviewable:  
• Pragma Secondary_Stack_Size:  
• Pragma Share_Generic:  
• Pragma Shared:  
• Pragma Short_Circuit_And_Or:  
• Pragma Short_Descriptors:  
• Pragma Simple_Storage_Pool_Type:  
• Pragma Source_File_Name:  
• Pragma Source_File_Name_Project:  
• Pragma Source_Reference:  
• Pragma SPARK_Mode:  
• Pragma Static_Elaboration_Desired:  
• Pragma Stream_Convert:  
• Pragma Style_Checks:  
• Pragma Subtitle:  
• Pragma Suppress:  
• Pragma Suppress_All:  
• Pragma Suppress_Debug_Info:  
• Pragma Suppress_Exception_Locations:  
• Pragma Suppress_Initialization:  
• Pragma Task_Name:  
• Pragma Task_Storage:  
• Pragma Test_Case:  
• Pragma Thread_Local_Storage:  
• Pragma Time_Slice:  
• Pragma Title:  
• Pragma Type_Invariant:  
• Pragma Type_Invariant_Class:  
• Pragma Unchecked_Union:  
• Pragma Unevaluated_Use_Of_Old:  
• Pragma Unimplemented_Unit:  
• Pragma Universal_Aliasing:  
• Pragma Universal_Data:  
• Pragma Unmodified:  
• Pragma Unreferenced:  
• Pragma Unreferenced_Objects:  
• Pragma Unreserve_All_Interrupts:  
• Pragma Unsuppress:  
• Pragma Use_VADS_Size:  
• Pragma Unused:  
• Pragma Validity_Checks:  
• Pragma Volatile:  
• Pragma Volatile_Full_Access:  
• Pragma Volatile_Function:  
• Pragma Warning_As_Error:  
• Pragma Warnings:  
• Pragma Weak_External:  
• Pragma Wide_Character_Encoding:   

Implementation Defined Aspects
• Aspect Abstract_State:  
• Annotate:  
• Aspect Async_Readers:  
• Aspect Async_Writers:  
• Aspect Constant_After_Elaboration:  
• Aspect Contract_Cases:  
• Aspect Depends:  
• Aspect Default_Initial_Condition:  
• Aspect Dimension:  
• Aspect Dimension_System:  
• Aspect Disable_Controlled:  
• Aspect Effective_Reads:  
• Aspect Effective_Writes:  
• Aspect Extensions_Visible:  
• Aspect Favor_Top_Level:  
• Aspect Ghost:  
• Aspect Global:  
• Aspect Initial_Condition:  
• Aspect Initializes:  
• Aspect Inline_Always:  
• Aspect Invariant:  
• Aspect Invariant'Class:  
• Aspect Iterable:  
• Aspect Linker_Section:  
• Aspect Lock_Free:  
• Aspect Max_Queue_Length:  
• Aspect No_Elaboration_Code_All:  
• Aspect No_Tagged_Streams:  
• Aspect Object_Size:  
• Aspect Obsolescent:  
• Aspect Part_Of:  
• Aspect Persistent_BSS:  
• Aspect Predicate:  
• Aspect Pure_Function:  
• Aspect Refined_Depends:  
• Aspect Refined_Global:  
• Aspect Refined_Post:  
• Aspect Refined_State:  
• Aspect Remote_Access_Type:  
• Aspect Secondary_Stack_Size:  
• Aspect Scalar_Storage_Order:  
• Aspect Shared:  
• Aspect Simple_Storage_Pool:  
• Aspect Simple_Storage_Pool_Type:  
• Aspect SPARK_Mode:  
• Aspect Suppress_Debug_Info:  
• Aspect Suppress_Initialization:  
• Aspect Test_Case:  
• Aspect Thread_Local_Storage:  
• Aspect Universal_Aliasing:  
• Aspect Universal_Data:  
• Aspect Unmodified:  
• Aspect Unreferenced:  
• Aspect Unreferenced_Objects:  
• Aspect Value_Size:  
• Aspect Volatile_Full_Access:  
• Aspect Volatile_Function:  
• Aspect Warnings:   

Implementation Defined Attributes
• Attribute Abort_Signal:  
• Attribute Address_Size:  
• Attribute Asm_Input:  
• Attribute Asm_Output:  
• Attribute Atomic_Always_Lock_Free:  
• Attribute Bit:  
• Attribute Bit_Position:  
• Attribute Code_Address:  
• Attribute Compiler_Version:  
• Attribute Constrained:  
• Attribute Default_Bit_Order:  
• Attribute Default_Scalar_Storage_Order:  
• Attribute Deref:  
• Attribute Descriptor_Size:  
• Attribute Elaborated:  
• Attribute Elab_Body:  
• Attribute Elab_Spec:  
• Attribute Elab_Subp_Body:  
• Attribute Emax:  
• Attribute Enabled:  
• Attribute Enum_Rep:  
• Attribute Enum_Val:  
• Attribute Epsilon:  
• Attribute Fast_Math:  
• Attribute Finalization_Size:  
• Attribute Fixed_Value:  
• Attribute From_Any:  
• Attribute Has_Access_Values:  
• Attribute Has_Discriminants:  
• Attribute Img:  
• Attribute Integer_Value:  
• Attribute Invalid_Value:  
• Attribute Iterable:  
• Attribute Large:  
• Attribute Library_Level:  
• Attribute Lock_Free:  
• Attribute Loop_Entry:  
• Attribute Machine_Size:  
• Attribute Mantissa:  
• Attribute Maximum_Alignment:  
• Attribute Mechanism_Code:  
• Attribute Null_Parameter:  
• Attribute Object_Size:  
• Attribute Old:  
• Attribute Passed_By_Reference:  
• Attribute Pool_Address:  
• Attribute Range_Length:  
• Attribute Restriction_Set:  
• Attribute Result:  
• Attribute Safe_Emax:  
• Attribute Safe_Large:  
• Attribute Safe_Small:  
• Attribute Scalar_Storage_Order:  
• Attribute Simple_Storage_Pool:  
• Attribute Small:  
• Attribute Storage_Unit:  
• Attribute Stub_Type:  
• Attribute System_Allocator_Alignment:  
• Attribute Target_Name:  
• Attribute To_Address:  
• Attribute To_Any:  
• Attribute Type_Class:  
• Attribute Type_Key:  
• Attribute TypeCode:  
• Attribute Unconstrained_Array:  
• Attribute Universal_Literal_String:  
• Attribute Unrestricted_Access:  
• Attribute Update:  
• Attribute Valid_Scalars:  
• Attribute VADS_Size:  
• Attribute Value_Size:  
• Attribute Wchar_T_Size:  
• Attribute Word_Size:   

Standard and Implementation Defined Restrictions
• Partition-Wide Restrictions:  
• Program Unit Level Restrictions:   

Partition-Wide Restrictions
• Immediate_Reclamation:  
• Max_Asynchronous_Select_Nesting:  
• Max_Entry_Queue_Length:  
• Max_Protected_Entries:  
• Max_Select_Alternatives:  
• Max_Storage_At_Blocking:  
• Max_Task_Entries:  
• Max_Tasks:  
• No_Abort_Statements:  
• No_Access_Parameter_Allocators:  
• No_Access_Subprograms:  
• No_Allocators:  
• No_Anonymous_Allocators:  
• No_Asynchronous_Control:  
• No_Calendar:  
• No_Coextensions:  
• No_Default_Initialization:  
• No_Delay:  
• No_Dependence:  
• No_Direct_Boolean_Operators:  
• No_Dispatch:  
• No_Dispatching_Calls:  
• No_Dynamic_Attachment:  
• No_Dynamic_Priorities:  
• No_Entry_Calls_In_Elaboration_Code:  
• No_Enumeration_Maps:  
• No_Exception_Handlers:  
• No_Exception_Propagation:  
• No_Exception_Registration:  
• No_Exceptions:  
• No_Finalization:  
• No_Fixed_Point:  
• No_Floating_Point:  
• No_Implicit_Conditionals:  
• No_Implicit_Dynamic_Code:  
• No_Implicit_Heap_Allocations:  
• No_Implicit_Protected_Object_Allocations:  
• No_Implicit_Task_Allocations:  
• No_Initialize_Scalars:  
• No_IO:  
• No_Local_Allocators:  
• No_Local_Protected_Objects:  
• No_Local_Timing_Events:  
• No_Long_Long_Integers:  
• No_Multiple_Elaboration:  
• No_Nested_Finalization:  
• No_Protected_Type_Allocators:  
• No_Protected_Types:  
• No_Recursion:  
• No_Reentrancy:  
• No_Relative_Delay:  
• No_Requeue_Statements:  
• No_Secondary_Stack:  
• No_Select_Statements:  
• No_Specific_Termination_Handlers:  
• No_Specification_of_Aspect:  
• No_Standard_Allocators_After_Elaboration:  
• No_Standard_Storage_Pools:  
• No_Stream_Optimizations:  
• No_Streams:  
• No_Task_Allocators:  
• No_Task_At_Interrupt_Priority:  
• No_Task_Attributes_Package:  
• No_Task_Hierarchy:  
• No_Task_Termination:  
• No_Tasking:  
• No_Terminate_Alternatives:  
• No_Unchecked_Access:  
• No_Unchecked_Conversion:  
• No_Unchecked_Deallocation:  
• No_Use_Of_Entity:  
• Pure_Barriers:  
• Simple_Barriers:  
• Static_Priorities:  
• Static_Storage_Size:   

Program Unit Level Restrictions
• No_Elaboration_Code:  
• No_Dynamic_Sized_Objects:  
• No_Entry_Queue:  
• No_Implementation_Aspect_Specifications:  
• No_Implementation_Attributes:  
• No_Implementation_Identifiers:  
• No_Implementation_Pragmas:  
• No_Implementation_Restrictions:  
• No_Implementation_Units:  
• No_Implicit_Aliasing:  
• No_Implicit_Loops:  
• No_Obsolescent_Features:  
• No_Wide_Characters:  
• SPARK_05:   

Implementation Advice
• RM 1.1.3(20); Error Detection:  
• RM 1.1.3(31); Child Units:  
• RM 1.1.5(12); Bounded Errors:  
• RM 2.8(16); Pragmas:  
• RM 2.8(17-19); Pragmas:  
• RM 3.5.2(5); Alternative Character Sets:  
• RM 3.5.4(28); Integer Types:  
• RM 3.5.4(29); Integer Types:  
• RM 3.5.5(8); Enumeration Values:  
• RM 3.5.7(17); Float Types:  
• RM 3.6.2(11); Multidimensional Arrays:  
• RM 9.6(30-31); Duration’Small:  
• RM 10.2.1(12); Consistent Representation:  
• RM 11.4.1(19); Exception Information:  
• RM 11.5(28); Suppression of Checks:  
• RM 13.1 (21-24); Representation Clauses:  
• RM 13.2(6-8); Packed Types:  
• RM 13.3(14-19); Address Clauses:  
• RM 13.3(29-35); Alignment Clauses:  
• RM 13.3(42-43); Size Clauses:  
• RM 13.3(50-56); Size Clauses:  
• RM 13.3(71-73); Component Size Clauses:  
• RM 13.4(9-10); Enumeration Representation Clauses:  
• RM 13.5.1(17-22); Record Representation Clauses:  
• RM 13.5.2(5); Storage Place Attributes:  
• RM 13.5.3(7-8); Bit Ordering:  
• RM 13.7(37); Address as Private:  
• RM 13.7.1(16); Address Operations:  
• RM 13.9(14-17); Unchecked Conversion:  
• RM 13.11(23-25); Implicit Heap Usage:  
• RM 13.11.2(17); Unchecked Deallocation:  
• RM 13.13.2(17); Stream Oriented Attributes:  
• RM A.1(52); Names of Predefined Numeric Types:  
• RM A.3.2(49); Ada.Characters.Handling:  
• RM A.4.4(106); Bounded-Length String Handling:  
• RM A.5.2(46-47); Random Number Generation:  
• RM A.10.7(23); Get_Immediate:  
• RM B.1(39-41); Pragma Export:  
• RM B.2(12-13); Package Interfaces:  
• RM B.3(63-71); Interfacing with C:  
• RM B.4(95-98); Interfacing with COBOL:  
• RM B.5(22-26); Interfacing with Fortran:  
• RM C.1(3-5); Access to Machine Operations:  
• RM C.1(10-16); Access to Machine Operations:  
• RM C.3(28); Interrupt Support:  
• RM C.3.1(20-21); Protected Procedure Handlers:  
• RM C.3.2(25); Package Interrupts:  
• RM C.4(14); Pre-elaboration Requirements:  
• RM C.5(8); Pragma Discard_Names:  
• RM C.7.2(30); The Package Task_Attributes:  
• RM D.3(17); Locking Policies:  
• RM D.4(16); Entry Queuing Policies:  
• RM D.6(9-10); Preemptive Abort:  
• RM D.7(21); Tasking Restrictions:  
• RM D.8(47-49); Monotonic Time:  
• RM E.5(28-29); Partition Communication Subsystem:  
• RM F(7); COBOL Support:  
• RM F.1(2); Decimal Radix Support:  
• RM G; Numerics:  
• RM G.1.1(56-58); Complex Types:  
• RM G.1.2(49); Complex Elementary Functions:  
• RM G.2.4(19); Accuracy Requirements:  
• RM G.2.6(15); Complex Arithmetic Accuracy:  
• RM H.6(15/2); Pragma Partition_Elaboration_Policy:   

Intrinsic Subprograms
• Intrinsic Operators:  
• Compilation_Date:  
• Compilation_Time:  
• Enclosing_Entity:  
• Exception_Information:  
• Exception_Message:  
• Exception_Name:  
• File:  
• Line:  
• Shifts and Rotates:  
• Source_Location:   

Representation Clauses and Pragmas
• Alignment Clauses:  
• Size Clauses:  
• Storage_Size Clauses:  
• Size of Variant Record Objects:  
• Biased Representation:  
• Value_Size and Object_Size Clauses:  
• Component_Size Clauses:  
• Bit_Order Clauses:  
• Effect of Bit_Order on Byte Ordering:  
• Pragma Pack for Arrays:  
• Pragma Pack for Records:  
• Record Representation Clauses:  
• Handling of Records with Holes:  
• Enumeration Clauses:  
• Address Clauses:  
• Use of Address Clauses for Memory-Mapped I/O:  
• Effect of Convention on Representation:  
• Conventions and Anonymous Access Types:  
• Determining the Representations chosen by GNAT:   

The Implementation of Standard I/O
• Standard I/O Packages:  
• FORM Strings:  
• Direct_IO:  
• Sequential_IO:  
• Text_IO:  
• Wide_Text_IO:  
• Wide_Wide_Text_IO:  
• Stream_IO:  
• Text Translation:  
• Shared Files:  
• Filenames encoding:  
• File content encoding:  
• Open Modes:  
• Operations on C Streams:  
• Interfacing to C Streams:   

Text_IO
• Stream Pointer Positioning:  
• Reading and Writing Non-Regular Files:  
• Get_Immediate:  
• Treating Text_IO Files as Streams:  
• Text_IO Extensions:  
• Text_IO Facilities for Unbounded Strings:   

Wide_Text_IO
• Stream Pointer Positioning:  
• Reading and Writing Non-Regular Files:   

Wide_Wide_Text_IO
• Stream Pointer Positioning:  
• Reading and Writing Non-Regular Files:   

The GNAT Library
• Ada.Characters.Latin_9 (a-chlat9.ads):  
• Ada.Characters.Wide_Latin_1 (a-cwila1.ads):  
• Ada.Characters.Wide_Latin_9 (a-cwila1.ads):  
• Ada.Characters.Wide_Wide_Latin_1 (a-chzla1.ads):  
• Ada.Characters.Wide_Wide_Latin_9 (a-chzla9.ads):  
• Ada.Containers.Formal_Doubly_Linked_Lists (a-cfdlli.ads):  
• Ada.Containers.Formal_Hashed_Maps (a-cfhama.ads):  
• Ada.Containers.Formal_Hashed_Sets (a-cfhase.ads):  
• Ada.Containers.Formal_Ordered_Maps (a-cforma.ads):  
• Ada.Containers.Formal_Ordered_Sets (a-cforse.ads):  
• Ada.Containers.Formal_Vectors (a-cofove.ads):  
• Ada.Containers.Formal_Indefinite_Vectors (a-cfinve.ads):  
• Ada.Containers.Bounded_Holders (a-coboho.ads):  
• Ada.Command_Line.Environment (a-colien.ads):  
• Ada.Command_Line.Remove (a-colire.ads):  
• Ada.Command_Line.Response_File (a-clrefi.ads):  
• Ada.Direct_IO.C_Streams (a-diocst.ads):  
• Ada.Exceptions.Is_Null_Occurrence (a-einuoc.ads):  
• Ada.Exceptions.Last_Chance_Handler (a-elchha.ads):  
• Ada.Exceptions.Traceback (a-exctra.ads):  
• Ada.Sequential_IO.C_Streams (a-siocst.ads):  
• Ada.Streams.Stream_IO.C_Streams (a-ssicst.ads):  
• Ada.Strings.Unbounded.Text_IO (a-suteio.ads):  
• Ada.Strings.Wide_Unbounded.Wide_Text_IO (a-swuwti.ads):  
• Ada.Strings.Wide_Wide_Unbounded.Wide_Wide_Text_IO (a-szuzti.ads):  
• Ada.Text_IO.C_Streams (a-tiocst.ads):  
• Ada.Text_IO.Reset_Standard_Files (a-tirsfi.ads):  
• Ada.Wide_Characters.Unicode (a-wichun.ads):  
• Ada.Wide_Text_IO.C_Streams (a-wtcstr.ads):  
• Ada.Wide_Text_IO.Reset_Standard_Files (a-wrstfi.ads):  
• Ada.Wide_Wide_Characters.Unicode (a-zchuni.ads):  
• Ada.Wide_Wide_Text_IO.C_Streams (a-ztcstr.ads):  
• Ada.Wide_Wide_Text_IO.Reset_Standard_Files (a-zrstfi.ads):  
• GNAT.Altivec (g-altive.ads):  
• GNAT.Altivec.Conversions (g-altcon.ads):  
• GNAT.Altivec.Vector_Operations (g-alveop.ads):  
• GNAT.Altivec.Vector_Types (g-alvety.ads):  
• GNAT.Altivec.Vector_Views (g-alvevi.ads):  
• GNAT.Array_Split (g-arrspl.ads):  
• GNAT.AWK (g-awk.ads):  
• GNAT.Bind_Environment (g-binenv.ads):  
• GNAT.Bounded_Buffers (g-boubuf.ads):  
• GNAT.Bounded_Mailboxes (g-boumai.ads):  
• GNAT.Bubble_Sort (g-bubsor.ads):  
• GNAT.Bubble_Sort_A (g-busora.ads):  
• GNAT.Bubble_Sort_G (g-busorg.ads):  
• GNAT.Byte_Order_Mark (g-byorma.ads):  
• GNAT.Byte_Swapping (g-bytswa.ads):  
• GNAT.Calendar (g-calend.ads):  
• GNAT.Calendar.Time_IO (g-catiio.ads):  
• GNAT.CRC32 (g-crc32.ads):  
• GNAT.Case_Util (g-casuti.ads):  
• GNAT.CGI (g-cgi.ads):  
• GNAT.CGI.Cookie (g-cgicoo.ads):  
• GNAT.CGI.Debug (g-cgideb.ads):  
• GNAT.Command_Line (g-comlin.ads):  
• GNAT.Compiler_Version (g-comver.ads):  
• GNAT.Ctrl_C (g-ctrl_c.ads):  
• GNAT.Current_Exception (g-curexc.ads):  
• GNAT.Debug_Pools (g-debpoo.ads):  
• GNAT.Debug_Utilities (g-debuti.ads):  
• GNAT.Decode_String (g-decstr.ads):  
• GNAT.Decode_UTF8_String (g-deutst.ads):  
• GNAT.Directory_Operations (g-dirope.ads):  
• GNAT.Directory_Operations.Iteration (g-diopit.ads):  
• GNAT.Dynamic_HTables (g-dynhta.ads):  
• GNAT.Dynamic_Tables (g-dyntab.ads):  
• GNAT.Encode_String (g-encstr.ads):  
• GNAT.Encode_UTF8_String (g-enutst.ads):  
• GNAT.Exception_Actions (g-excact.ads):  
• GNAT.Exception_Traces (g-exctra.ads):  
• GNAT.Exceptions (g-expect.ads):  
• GNAT.Expect (g-expect.ads):  
• GNAT.Expect.TTY (g-exptty.ads):  
• GNAT.Float_Control (g-flocon.ads):  
• GNAT.Formatted_String (g-forstr.ads):  
• GNAT.Heap_Sort (g-heasor.ads):  
• GNAT.Heap_Sort_A (g-hesora.ads):  
• GNAT.Heap_Sort_G (g-hesorg.ads):  
• GNAT.HTable (g-htable.ads):  
• GNAT.IO (g-io.ads):  
• GNAT.IO_Aux (g-io_aux.ads):  
• GNAT.Lock_Files (g-locfil.ads):  
• GNAT.MBBS_Discrete_Random (g-mbdira.ads):  
• GNAT.MBBS_Float_Random (g-mbflra.ads):  
• GNAT.MD5 (g-md5.ads):  
• GNAT.Memory_Dump (g-memdum.ads):  
• GNAT.Most_Recent_Exception (g-moreex.ads):  
• GNAT.OS_Lib (g-os_lib.ads):  
• GNAT.Perfect_Hash_Generators (g-pehage.ads):  
• GNAT.Random_Numbers (g-rannum.ads):  
• GNAT.Regexp (g-regexp.ads):  
• GNAT.Registry (g-regist.ads):  
• GNAT.Regpat (g-regpat.ads):  
• GNAT.Rewrite_Data (g-rewdat.ads):  
• GNAT.Secondary_Stack_Info (g-sestin.ads):  
• GNAT.Semaphores (g-semaph.ads):  
• GNAT.Serial_Communications (g-sercom.ads):  
• GNAT.SHA1 (g-sha1.ads):  
• GNAT.SHA224 (g-sha224.ads):  
• GNAT.SHA256 (g-sha256.ads):  
• GNAT.SHA384 (g-sha384.ads):  
• GNAT.SHA512 (g-sha512.ads):  
• GNAT.Signals (g-signal.ads):  
• GNAT.Sockets (g-socket.ads):  
• GNAT.Source_Info (g-souinf.ads):  
• GNAT.Spelling_Checker (g-speche.ads):  
• GNAT.Spelling_Checker_Generic (g-spchge.ads):  
• GNAT.Spitbol.Patterns (g-spipat.ads):  
• GNAT.Spitbol (g-spitbo.ads):  
• GNAT.Spitbol.Table_Boolean (g-sptabo.ads):  
• GNAT.Spitbol.Table_Integer (g-sptain.ads):  
• GNAT.Spitbol.Table_VString (g-sptavs.ads):  
• GNAT.SSE (g-sse.ads):  
• GNAT.SSE.Vector_Types (g-ssvety.ads):  
• GNAT.String_Hash (g-strhas.ads):  
• GNAT.Strings (g-string.ads):  
• GNAT.String_Split (g-strspl.ads):  
• GNAT.Table (g-table.ads):  
• GNAT.Task_Lock (g-tasloc.ads):  
• GNAT.Time_Stamp (g-timsta.ads):  
• GNAT.Threads (g-thread.ads):  
• GNAT.Traceback (g-traceb.ads):  
• GNAT.Traceback.Symbolic (g-trasym.ads):  
• GNAT.UTF_32 (g-table.ads):  
• GNAT.Wide_Spelling_Checker (g-u3spch.ads):  
• GNAT.Wide_Spelling_Checker (g-wispch.ads):  
• GNAT.Wide_String_Split (g-wistsp.ads):  
• GNAT.Wide_Wide_Spelling_Checker (g-zspche.ads):  
• GNAT.Wide_Wide_String_Split (g-zistsp.ads):  
• Interfaces.C.Extensions (i-cexten.ads):  
• Interfaces.C.Streams (i-cstrea.ads):  
• Interfaces.Packed_Decimal (i-pacdec.ads):  
• Interfaces.VxWorks (i-vxwork.ads):  
• Interfaces.VxWorks.Int_Connection (i-vxinco.ads):  
• Interfaces.VxWorks.IO (i-vxwoio.ads):  
• System.Address_Image (s-addima.ads):  
• System.Assertions (s-assert.ads):  
• System.Atomic_Counters (s-atocou.ads):  
• System.Memory (s-memory.ads):  
• System.Multiprocessors (s-multip.ads):  
• System.Multiprocessors.Dispatching_Domains (s-mudido.ads):  
• System.Partition_Interface (s-parint.ads):  
• System.Pool_Global (s-pooglo.ads):  
• System.Pool_Local (s-pooloc.ads):  
• System.Restrictions (s-restri.ads):  
• System.Rident (s-rident.ads):  
• System.Strings.Stream_Ops (s-ststop.ads):  
• System.Unsigned_Types (s-unstyp.ads):  
• System.Wch_Cnv (s-wchcnv.ads):  
• System.Wch_Con (s-wchcon.ads):   

Interfacing to Other Languages
• Interfacing to C:  
• Interfacing to C++:  
• Interfacing to COBOL:  
• Interfacing to Fortran:  
• Interfacing to non-GNAT Ada code:   

Implementation of Specific Ada Features
• Machine Code Insertions:  
• GNAT Implementation of Tasking:  
• GNAT Implementation of Shared Passive Packages:  
• Code Generation for Array Aggregates:  
• The Size of Discriminated Records with Default Discriminants:  
• Strict Conformance to the Ada Reference Manual:   

GNAT Implementation of Tasking
• Mapping Ada Tasks onto the Underlying Kernel Threads:  
• Ensuring Compliance with the Real-Time Annex:   

Code Generation for Array Aggregates
• Static constant aggregates with static bounds:  
• Constant aggregates with unconstrained nominal types:  
• Aggregates with static bounds:  
• Aggregates with nonstatic bounds:  
• Aggregates in assignment statements:   

Obsolescent Features
• pragma No_Run_Time:  
• pragma Ravenscar:  
• pragma Restricted_Run_Time:  
• pragma Task_Info:  
• package System.Task_Info (s-tasinf.ads):   

Compatibility and Porting Guide
• Writing Portable Fixed-Point Declarations:  
• Compatibility with Ada 83:  
• Compatibility between Ada 95 and Ada 2005:  
• Implementation-dependent characteristics:  
• Compatibility with Other Ada Systems:  
• Representation Clauses:  
• Compatibility with HP Ada 83:   

Compatibility with Ada 83
• Legal Ada 83 programs that are illegal in Ada 95:  
• More deterministic semantics:  
• Changed semantics:  
• Other language compatibility issues:   

Implementation-dependent characteristics
• Implementation-defined pragmas:  
• Implementation-defined attributes:  
• Libraries:  
• Elaboration order:  
• Target-specific aspects:  

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